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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
End-of-life options of plastics containing brominated flame retardants
Bromine is used as the building block for some of the most effective flame retarding agents available to the plastics industry today. They are used to protect against the risk of accidental fires in a wide range of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). There is a perception that BFRs affect adversely the end-of-life management of plastics through formation of brominated dioxins and furans (PBDD/F). Considering a wide range of data and practical experience, the author of the present study concludes that plastics containing brominated flame retardants are compatible with an integrated waste management concept and in compliance with strict PBDD/PBDF limit values when handled properly. The recyclates also keep their properties and meet the fire safety standards (for example V-0) after multiple recycling processes. Additionally, several combustion studies have demonstrate that BFR containing plastics can be safely added to today' s municipal solid waste to generate in an environmentally sound manner useful energy when incinerating BFR-containing materials. Using co-combustion techniques or pyrolysis/gasification, it is in either case possible to recover bromine for re-use as raw materials. A bromine recovery unit will become economical with a capacity above 500 mtons/year, depending on the local situation. There is the potential for recovering up to 11.000 metric tons of bromine yearly in Western Europe, and with this, resources can be saved and the bromine cycle can be closed. Corrosion was shown not to be problematic if certain concentrations are not exceeded.
End-of-life options of plastics containing brominated flame retardants
Bromine is used as the building block for some of the most effective flame retarding agents available to the plastics industry today. They are used to protect against the risk of accidental fires in a wide range of electrical and electronic equipment (EEE). There is a perception that BFRs affect adversely the end-of-life management of plastics through formation of brominated dioxins and furans (PBDD/F). Considering a wide range of data and practical experience, the author of the present study concludes that plastics containing brominated flame retardants are compatible with an integrated waste management concept and in compliance with strict PBDD/PBDF limit values when handled properly. The recyclates also keep their properties and meet the fire safety standards (for example V-0) after multiple recycling processes. Additionally, several combustion studies have demonstrate that BFR containing plastics can be safely added to today' s municipal solid waste to generate in an environmentally sound manner useful energy when incinerating BFR-containing materials. Using co-combustion techniques or pyrolysis/gasification, it is in either case possible to recover bromine for re-use as raw materials. A bromine recovery unit will become economical with a capacity above 500 mtons/year, depending on the local situation. There is the potential for recovering up to 11.000 metric tons of bromine yearly in Western Europe, and with this, resources can be saved and the bromine cycle can be closed. Corrosion was shown not to be problematic if certain concentrations are not exceeded.
End-of-life options of plastics containing brominated flame retardants
Tange, L. (author) / Drohmann, D. (author)
2003
9 Seiten, 2 Bilder, 3 Tabellen, 20 Quellen
Conference paper
English
| British Library Online Contents | 2004
The gasification recycling technology of plastics WEEE containing brominated flame retardants
| Online Contents | 2003