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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Prevent storage tank fires. Implementing these safety rules can reduce risk
On December 11, 2005, a tank fire in the Buncefield Oil Depot in Hertfordshire, UK, in combination with a failure of the safety system (further gasoline flow was not stopped) caused the largest explosion in the UK since World War II and total cost of 894 million British pound. Most tank fires are not on the same scale, but risk must be managed to acceptable levels. There are hundreds of above-ground atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage tank fires every year. Although each oil storage facility must be individually evaluated with regard to its overall safety, there are general principles that can be applied to reduce the risk of storage tank fires and mitigate the extent of damage if a fire does occur. The wide range of types and sizes of above-ground atmospheric hydrocarbon storage tanks are discussed in connection with their special hazards. Design specifications for most of these tanks are covered by standards from API (American Petroleum Institute) and the British Standards Institute. Types discussed are fixed-roof tanks and open-top external floating-roof tanks, covered internal floating-roof tanks, and domed external floating-roof-tanks. Details, risk, occurrence (with respect to tank type) and frequency of occurrence, and measures of prevention are summarised for overfill fires, vent fires, rim-seal fires, and full-surface fires (obstructed and unobstructed). Special emphasis is put on inspections, monthly routine in-service inspection, formal in-service external inspection (every five years), and out-of-service internal inspections (every 20 years, in case of unestablished corrosion rate every 10 years). Other publications are listed that can assist in the design, operation, maintenance and inspection of storage tanks to prevent storage-tank fires.
Prevent storage tank fires. Implementing these safety rules can reduce risk
On December 11, 2005, a tank fire in the Buncefield Oil Depot in Hertfordshire, UK, in combination with a failure of the safety system (further gasoline flow was not stopped) caused the largest explosion in the UK since World War II and total cost of 894 million British pound. Most tank fires are not on the same scale, but risk must be managed to acceptable levels. There are hundreds of above-ground atmospheric pressure hydrogen storage tank fires every year. Although each oil storage facility must be individually evaluated with regard to its overall safety, there are general principles that can be applied to reduce the risk of storage tank fires and mitigate the extent of damage if a fire does occur. The wide range of types and sizes of above-ground atmospheric hydrocarbon storage tanks are discussed in connection with their special hazards. Design specifications for most of these tanks are covered by standards from API (American Petroleum Institute) and the British Standards Institute. Types discussed are fixed-roof tanks and open-top external floating-roof tanks, covered internal floating-roof tanks, and domed external floating-roof-tanks. Details, risk, occurrence (with respect to tank type) and frequency of occurrence, and measures of prevention are summarised for overfill fires, vent fires, rim-seal fires, and full-surface fires (obstructed and unobstructed). Special emphasis is put on inspections, monthly routine in-service inspection, formal in-service external inspection (every five years), and out-of-service internal inspections (every 20 years, in case of unestablished corrosion rate every 10 years). Other publications are listed that can assist in the design, operation, maintenance and inspection of storage tanks to prevent storage-tank fires.
Prevent storage tank fires. Implementing these safety rules can reduce risk
Ritchie, R. (author)
Hydrocarbon Processing ; 88 ; 35-39
2009
4 Seiten, 1 Bild, 1 Tabelle, 15 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
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