A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Thornton's constant revisited
Measuring heat release rate in fire tests was very complicated and could not be performed with high accuracy until the development of oxygen consumption calorimetry in the late 1970s. The oxygen consumption technique is based on Thorntons observation that the net heat released per mass unit of oxygen consumed for complete combustion is nearly constant and independent of the fuel. In most fire experiments a generic value for Thorntons constant of 13.1 kJ/g O2 is used. Recent studies have shown that the uncertainty of moderate to high heat release rate measurements is primarily due to the uncertainty of this value. This paper explores two approaches to improve the accuracy of Thorntons constant. First, a more extensive survey of the literature is performed and it is suggested that materials be subdivided in classes depending on their general nature and chemical structure. A more specific value can then be used based on the average for the class of the material. Second, a method is presented to calculate the constant from measurements of the net heat of combustion in an Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter (ASTM D 5865 or ISO 1716) and the oxygen to fuel ratio in the Microflow Combustion Calorimeter (ASTM D 7309).
Thornton's constant revisited
Measuring heat release rate in fire tests was very complicated and could not be performed with high accuracy until the development of oxygen consumption calorimetry in the late 1970s. The oxygen consumption technique is based on Thorntons observation that the net heat released per mass unit of oxygen consumed for complete combustion is nearly constant and independent of the fuel. In most fire experiments a generic value for Thorntons constant of 13.1 kJ/g O2 is used. Recent studies have shown that the uncertainty of moderate to high heat release rate measurements is primarily due to the uncertainty of this value. This paper explores two approaches to improve the accuracy of Thorntons constant. First, a more extensive survey of the literature is performed and it is suggested that materials be subdivided in classes depending on their general nature and chemical structure. A more specific value can then be used based on the average for the class of the material. Second, a method is presented to calculate the constant from measurements of the net heat of combustion in an Oxygen Bomb Calorimeter (ASTM D 5865 or ISO 1716) and the oxygen to fuel ratio in the Microflow Combustion Calorimeter (ASTM D 7309).
Thornton's constant revisited
Janssens, Marc (author) / Gomez, Christina (author)
2009
12 Seiten, 5 Bilder, 6 Tabellen, 13 Quellen
Conference paper
Storage medium
English
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