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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Numerical simulation of expansion and charring of carbon-epoxy laminates in fire environments
A thermal model for a carbon-epoxy laminate is developed based on the data of Quintiere et al.. The model includes pyrolysis decomposition, heat and mass transport, and volumetric swelling using a novel finite element algorithm. Model validation runs are conducted using TGA and one-sided heating experiments. Overall good agreement is observed between the model and data for the overall heat release rate and time-to-ignition. Neglecting the effects of the composite swelling resulted in significant under-predictions of flame burnout - highlighting the importance of accounting for laminate swelling for the current epoxy-carbon material. Remaining discrepancies in HRR (heat release rate) predictions are attributed to three factors. The first is the uncertainty as to the specification of the unheated back boundary for the gas transport. Simulation results bound the HRR data using either an open or perfectly closed boundary indicting that the experimental conditions lie someplace in-between. This emphasizes the importance of being able to accurately characterize this boundary for future validation level experiments. The second factor is the simplified estimate of HRR using the decoupled calculations that do not account for important gas-phase turbulent combustion processes. Future fully-coupled simulations will attempt to relax this assumption. The third factor is the permeability model which is monotonic through the decomposition front therefore does not account for potentially important matrix collapse processes that may change the time history of the HRR. However, the overall heat release predicted by the model seems to be in qualitative agreement with the data.
Numerical simulation of expansion and charring of carbon-epoxy laminates in fire environments
A thermal model for a carbon-epoxy laminate is developed based on the data of Quintiere et al.. The model includes pyrolysis decomposition, heat and mass transport, and volumetric swelling using a novel finite element algorithm. Model validation runs are conducted using TGA and one-sided heating experiments. Overall good agreement is observed between the model and data for the overall heat release rate and time-to-ignition. Neglecting the effects of the composite swelling resulted in significant under-predictions of flame burnout - highlighting the importance of accounting for laminate swelling for the current epoxy-carbon material. Remaining discrepancies in HRR (heat release rate) predictions are attributed to three factors. The first is the uncertainty as to the specification of the unheated back boundary for the gas transport. Simulation results bound the HRR data using either an open or perfectly closed boundary indicting that the experimental conditions lie someplace in-between. This emphasizes the importance of being able to accurately characterize this boundary for future validation level experiments. The second factor is the simplified estimate of HRR using the decoupled calculations that do not account for important gas-phase turbulent combustion processes. Future fully-coupled simulations will attempt to relax this assumption. The third factor is the permeability model which is monotonic through the decomposition front therefore does not account for potentially important matrix collapse processes that may change the time history of the HRR. However, the overall heat release predicted by the model seems to be in qualitative agreement with the data.
Numerical simulation of expansion and charring of carbon-epoxy laminates in fire environments
Numerische Simulation der Volumenzunahme und Verkohlung von Kohlenstoff-Epoxid-Laminaten im Brandfall
McGurn, Matthew T. (author) / DesJardin, Paul E. (author) / Dodd, Amanda B. (author)
International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer ; 55 ; 272-281
2012
10 Seiten, 7 Bilder, 1 Tabelle, 40 Quellen
Article (Journal)
English
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