Application of Geopolymeric Adhesives in Ceramic Systems Subjected to Cyclic Temperature Environments: Fid-Bau Portal

Application of Geopolymeric Adhesives in Ceramic Systems Subjected to Cyclic Temperature Environments

Rego, S.R. / Gomes, K.C. / Rosas, M. / Torres, S.M. / De Barros, S.

The Brazilian experience with the use of ceramic tiles in facades dates back to the 17th century. Many modern buildings still use such an architectural option, which leads to an increasing industry of cementious adhesives. Despite several recommendations in standards, there is still a huge problem with ceramic detachments. This paper discusses observations in some field case scenarios as well as assesses the potential use of a new type of adhesive, characterized by having low CO₂ emissions in its productions chain. In this study, the adhesive properties were determined in a porcelain tiles-adhesive-substrate system through the pullout test. The roughness of the tiles was also determined. Three types of adhesives were used: a high-performance commercial adhesive, classified by the Brazilian standard as high adherence (ACIII-E), and two alkaline type adhesives [alkaline-activated metakaolinite (MK) and alkaline-activated weathered soils (SI)]. These geopolymeric adhesives were activated with alkaline metals using sodium and potassium silicates. The bonded systems were subjected to room temperature, 55°C, and cyclic regimen. In field cases, it has been observed that detachments most often occur in facades subjected to a greater incidence of sunlight on their surfaces. The experimental study points out that the alkaline activation of aluminum silicates improved adhesive and thermo mechanical properties in comparison with commercial adhesives. In general, the geopolymeric adhesives had better adhesion than those which were adhered with the commercial adhesive ACIII-E, especially under increased temperature.