A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Simultaneous drying and densification of silver birch (Betula pendula L.) veneers: analysis of morphology, thickness swelling, and density profile
In this study, birch (Betula pendula L.) veneers were simultaneously densified and dried using a contact drying method at pressures of 1.5 and 3 MPa at 130 °C and compared with veneer dried in a laboratory-scale convective type dryer. Compression rate, thickness swelling, and the density profiles of the veneers were investigated. Furthermore, the microstructure of densified veneers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A maximum veneer compression rate of 9% was achieved at a pressure of 3 MPa. Under these conditions, the veneers were, on average, densified from 504 to 574 kg m−3 (approximately 14%). After water soaking, full set-recovery—recovery to the initial thickness—occurred. However, the swelling rate was lower for the densified veneer. Density profiles measurements showed that densification occurs throughout the veneers. The SEM images showed that the surface of the densified veneers were smoother, whilst no cracks were detected due to densification. Densification seemed to occur in vessels. Typically, rays were bent when there was a vessel nearby.
Simultaneous drying and densification of silver birch (Betula pendula L.) veneers: analysis of morphology, thickness swelling, and density profile
In this study, birch (Betula pendula L.) veneers were simultaneously densified and dried using a contact drying method at pressures of 1.5 and 3 MPa at 130 °C and compared with veneer dried in a laboratory-scale convective type dryer. Compression rate, thickness swelling, and the density profiles of the veneers were investigated. Furthermore, the microstructure of densified veneers was studied by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). A maximum veneer compression rate of 9% was achieved at a pressure of 3 MPa. Under these conditions, the veneers were, on average, densified from 504 to 574 kg m−3 (approximately 14%). After water soaking, full set-recovery—recovery to the initial thickness—occurred. However, the swelling rate was lower for the densified veneer. Density profiles measurements showed that densification occurs throughout the veneers. The SEM images showed that the surface of the densified veneers were smoother, whilst no cracks were detected due to densification. Densification seemed to occur in vessels. Typically, rays were bent when there was a vessel nearby.
Simultaneous drying and densification of silver birch (Betula pendula L.) veneers: analysis of morphology, thickness swelling, and density profile
Antikainen, Toni (author) / Paajanen, Olli (author) / Rautkari, Lauri (author) / Kutnar, Andreja (author) / Kamke, Frederick A. (author) / Hughes, Mark (author)
Wood Science and Technology ; 48 ; 325-336
2014
12 Seiten
Article (Journal)
English
| British Library Online Contents | 2014
| British Library Online Contents | 2015
Multivariate Analysis of the Brinell Hardness of Silver Birch (Betula pendula Roth.) Wood in Poland
| DOAJ | 2021
Impact of ozone on the growth of birch (Betula pendula) saplings
| Online Contents | 2003