Machine generated contents note:ch. 1Introduction --1.1.Nanomaterial Age --1.2.What Are Nanomaterials? --1.3.History of Nanomaterial Development --1.3.1.Germination Stage --1.3.2.Preliminary Preparation Stage --1.3.3.Rapid-Development Stage --1.3.4.Industrial and Commercial Application Stage --1.4.Importance of Nanomaterials --1.4.1.Nanotechnology Programs of Leading Countries --1.4.2.Nanotechnology Investment Among Leading Countries --1.4.3.Analysis of the Importance of Nanotechnology --1.5.Potential Problems of Nanomaterials --1.6.Purpose of This Book: Fundamentals of Nanomaterial Physics --References --ch. 2Principles, Methods, Formation Mechanisms, and Structures of Nanomaterials Prepared via Gas-Phase Processes --2.1.Principles of Physical Vapor Deposition --2.1.1.Nucleation --2.1.2.Growth --2.2.Physical Vapor Deposition --2.2.1.Electrical Resistance Heating Method --2.2.2.Plasma Heating Method --2.2.3.Laser Heating Method --2.3.Chemical Vapor Deposition --2.3.1.CVD Thermodynamics and Kinetics --2.3.2.CVD Process Technology for Nanomaterial Preparation --2.3.3.Catalytic CVD and CNT Preparation --2.4.Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Arc Deposition --2.4.1.Magnetic Filtration and FCVA Devices --2.4.2.Examples of Filtered Cathodic Vacuum Deposition Films --2.5.Comparison of Various Vapor Deposition Methods --References --ch. 3Principles, Methods, Formation Mechanisms, and Structures of Nanomaterials Prepared in the Liquid Phase --3.1.Precipitation --3.1.1.Coprecipitation and Fractional Precipitation --3.1.2.Homogeneous Precipitation --3.2.Sol-Gel Method --3.2.1.Sol-Gel Procedure --3.2.2.Sol-Gel Reaction Mechanism --3.2.3.Examples of Sol-Gel Prepared Nanomaterials --3.3.Chemical-Reduction Method --3.3.1.Chemical-Reduction Preparation Technology --3.3.2.Chemical-Reduction Reaction Mechanisms --3.3.3.Preparation of Crystalline Nanomaterials via Chemical Reduction --3.4.Comparison of Various Liquid Nanoparticle Preparation Methods --References --ch. 4Principles, Methods, Formation Mechanisms, and Structures of Nanomaterials Prepared via Solid-Phase Syntheses --4.1.Mechanical Alloying --4.1.1.Ball Mill --4.1.2.MA Process Parameters --4.1.3.MA-Prepared Nanopowder Formation Mechanisms --4.1.4.Examples of Nanomaterials Synthesized via Mechanical Alloying --4.2.Nanomaterial Preparation via Solid-Phase Methods --4.2.1.Preparation of Bulk Nanomaterials via Solid-Phase Methods --4.2.2.Amorphous Nanocrystallization --4.3.Microstructures and Defects in Body Nanomaterials --4.3.1.Grains in Body Nanomaterials --4.3.2.Grain Boundaries in Body Nanomaterials --4.3.3.Defects in Body Nanomaterials --References --ch. 5Principles, Methods, Formation Mechanisms, and Structures of Nanomaterials Prepared via Self-Assembly --5.1.What Is Self-Assembly? --5.2.Types and Common Characteristics of Self-Assembly Mechanisms --5.2.1.Types of Self-Assembly Mechanisms --5.2.2.Common Characteristics of Self-Assembly --5.3.Nanomaterial Fabrication via Self-Assembly --5.3.1.Metal and Alloy Components --5.3.2.Semiconductor Components --5.3.3.Polymer Supermolecules and Biomolecular Components --5.4.Template-Based Nanomaterial Fabrication --5.4.1.Fabrication of Ordered Nanohole Templates --5.4.2.Metal and Alloy Nanomaterials Prepared via Templated Self-Assembly --5.4.3.Preparation of Semiconductor Nanomaterials via Self-Assembly --References --ch. 6Mechanical Properties of Nanomaterials --6.1.Elasticity of Nanomaterials --6.2.Strengths, Hardnesses and Hall-Petch Relationships in Nanomaterials --6.2.1.Experimental Strength Data --6.2.2.Relationship Between Hardness and Hall-Petch Effects --6.3.Nanomaterial Fracture and Fatigue --6.3.1.Facture Strength and Toughness --6.3.2.Fatigue --6.4.Nanomaterial Creep and Superplasticity --6.4.1.Creep --6.4.2.Superplasticity --6.5.Deformation and Fracture Mechanisms in Nanomaterials --6.5.1.Nanomaterial Deformation Mechanisms --6.5.2.Nanomaterial Fracture Mechanisms --References --ch. 7Thermal Properties of Nanomaterials --7.1.Melting Point --7.1.1.Elevated and Lowered Nanomaterial Melting Points --7.1.2.Nanomaterial Melting Point Simulations --7.1.3.Melting Enthalpy and Entropy in Nanomaterials --7.1.4.Nanoalloy Phase Diagrams --7.2.Thermal Conductivity --7.2.1.Experimental Measurement of Nanomaterial Thermal Conductivities --7.2.2.Theoretical Simulation of Nanomaterial Thermal Conductivity --7.3.Specific Heat --7.3.1.Debye Temperatures of Nanomaterials --7.3.2.Specific Heats of Nanomaterials --7.4.Thermal Expansion --References --ch. 8Optical Properties of Nanomaterials --8.1.Light Absorption of Nanomaterials --8.1.1.Instances of Light Absorption Nanomaterials --8.1.2.Red- and Blueshift Phenomenon of Light Absorption --8.2.Colors of Nanomaterials --8.3.Light-Emission of Nanomaterials --8.3.1.Quantum Yield --8.3.2.Photoluminescence of Nanomaterials --8.3.3.Electroluminescence of Nanomaterials --8.4.Magnetooptical Properties of Nanomaterials --8.4.1.Magnetooptical Effect --8.4.2.Magnetooptical Effect of Metal Nanoparticles and Nanoparticle Films --8.4.3.Magnetooptical Effect of Oxide Nanoparticles --8.4.4.Magnetooptical Effect of Composite Structure of Amorphous Magnetic Nanoparticles --References --ch. 9Electrical Properties of Nanometer Materials --9.1.Resistivity of Nanomaterials --9.1.1.Resistivity of Metal Nanomaterials --9.1.2.Resistivity of Alloy Nanomaterials --9.1.3.Resistivity of Semiconductor Nanomaterials --9.1.4.Resistivity of Oxide Nanomaterials --9.2.Theoretical Simulation of Resistivity for Nanomaterials --9.2.1.FS and MS Resistivity Theory --9.2.2.Theoretical Calculation of Resistivity of Metal Nanowires --9.2.3.Empirical Formula for Nanomaterial Resistivity --9.3.Thermoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Nanomaterials --9.3.1.Thermoelectric Conversion Efficiency and Related Parameters --9.3.2.Thermoelectric Conversion Efficiency of Nanomaterials --9.3.3.Theoretical Calculations of Conversion Efficiency for Nanothermoelectric Materials --9.4.Superconductivity of Nanomaterials --9.4.1.Superconductivity of Nanoparticle --9.4.2.Superconductivity of Nanofilms --9.4.3.Nanowire Superconductivity --References --ch. 10Magnetic Properties of Nanomaterials --10.1.Magnetic Moment of Nanometer Magnetic Materials --10.1.1.Magnetic Moment of 3D Atomic Group Ferromagnetic Metals --10.1.2.Magnetic Moment of 3D Ferromagnetic Clusters of Superlattice --10.1.3.Magnetic Moments of Nonferromagnetic Three Metal Clusters --10.2.Curie Temperature of Nanomagnetic Materials --10.2.1.Reduction of Curie Temperature --10.2.2.Curie Temperature of Superlattice --10.3.Magnetization and Coercivity of Nanometer Magnetic Materials --10.3.1.Magnetization --10.3.2.Coercivity --10.4.Magnetoresistance and Giant Magnetoresistance of Nanometer Magnetic Materials --10.4.1.Magnetoresistance and Anisotropic Magnetoresistance --10.4.2.Magnetoresistance of Nanometer Manganese Perovskite --10.4.3.Giant Magnetoresistance --References.