A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
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Importance of pipe deposits to Lead and Copper Rule compliance
When Madison, Wis., exceeded the lead action level in 1992, residential and off‐line tests suggested that lead release into the water was more complex than a lead solubility mechanism. Scale analyses (color and texture as well as mineralogical and elemental composition) of five excavated lead service lines (LSLs) revealed that accumulation of manganese (and iron) onto pipe walls had implications for lead corrosion by providing a high‐capacity sink for lead. Manganese that accumulated from source well water onto pipe scales (up to 10% by weight of scale composition) served to capture and eventually transport lead to consumer taps. In addition, manganese sometimes obstructed the predominance of an insoluble (and thus potentially protective) plattnerite [Pb(IV) solid] scale layer. Full LSL replacement in Madison achieved Lead and Copper Rule compliance and a major reduction in lead contamination and exposure, supplemented by unidirectional flushing of water mains and manganese control in the source well water.
Importance of pipe deposits to Lead and Copper Rule compliance
When Madison, Wis., exceeded the lead action level in 1992, residential and off‐line tests suggested that lead release into the water was more complex than a lead solubility mechanism. Scale analyses (color and texture as well as mineralogical and elemental composition) of five excavated lead service lines (LSLs) revealed that accumulation of manganese (and iron) onto pipe walls had implications for lead corrosion by providing a high‐capacity sink for lead. Manganese that accumulated from source well water onto pipe scales (up to 10% by weight of scale composition) served to capture and eventually transport lead to consumer taps. In addition, manganese sometimes obstructed the predominance of an insoluble (and thus potentially protective) plattnerite [Pb(IV) solid] scale layer. Full LSL replacement in Madison achieved Lead and Copper Rule compliance and a major reduction in lead contamination and exposure, supplemented by unidirectional flushing of water mains and manganese control in the source well water.
Importance of pipe deposits to Lead and Copper Rule compliance
Schock, Michael R. (author) / Cantor, Abigail F. (author) / Triantafyllidou, Simoni (author) / Desantis, Michael K. (author) / Scheckel, Kirk G. (author)
Journal ‐ American Water Works Association ; 106 ; E336-E349
2014-07-01
14 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
mineralogy , Manganese , Madison, Wisconsin , Service Lines , Pb(II) , manganese , lead service lines , Lead Pipe , Lead , Scale , Well Water , Compliance , Pb(IV) , corrosion scale , Federal Regulations
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