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Kinetics of dihaloacetic acid formation during chloramination
Batch experiments were conducted on both source and treated water from four locations to study the kinetics of dihaloacetic acid (X2AA) formation during chloramination. The influence of treatment, pH, bromide concentration, and periods of free chlorination on X2AA formation kinetics was examined. Bromine‐substituted X2AA, i.e., bromochloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid, formed more rapidly than did dichloroacetic acid; short periods of prechlorination (between 5 and 20 min) significantly increased haloacetic acid (HAA) formation. This research demonstrates that most X2AA formation occurs within water treatment facilities that prechlorinate before chloramination; therefore, HAA control strategies in such plants should focus on the chlorination step.
Kinetics of dihaloacetic acid formation during chloramination
Batch experiments were conducted on both source and treated water from four locations to study the kinetics of dihaloacetic acid (X2AA) formation during chloramination. The influence of treatment, pH, bromide concentration, and periods of free chlorination on X2AA formation kinetics was examined. Bromine‐substituted X2AA, i.e., bromochloroacetic acid and dibromoacetic acid, formed more rapidly than did dichloroacetic acid; short periods of prechlorination (between 5 and 20 min) significantly increased haloacetic acid (HAA) formation. This research demonstrates that most X2AA formation occurs within water treatment facilities that prechlorinate before chloramination; therefore, HAA control strategies in such plants should focus on the chlorination step.
Kinetics of dihaloacetic acid formation during chloramination
Pope, Phillip G. (author) / Speitel, Gerald E. Jr. (author) / Collins, M. Robin (author)
Journal ‐ American Water Works Association ; 98 ; 107-120
2006-11-01
14 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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