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A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Cost of membrane softening in Florida
Membrane treatment cost data based on actual plant operations provide an easy way to estimate order‐of‐magnitude costs for membrane systems.
Costs for membrane softening plants in Florida with capacities from 1 to 14 mgd (3.8 to 53 ML/d) are presented. Costs for installed membrane system, water treatment plant construction, operation and maintenance, and total treated water production are included based on data from the author's survey of operating membrane softening plants. Unit cost curves are included as a function of installed membrane permeate capacity. The effects of membrane bypass and blending, plant operating factors, concentrate disposal, and amortization at various interest rates are discussed.
Cost of membrane softening in Florida
Membrane treatment cost data based on actual plant operations provide an easy way to estimate order‐of‐magnitude costs for membrane systems.
Costs for membrane softening plants in Florida with capacities from 1 to 14 mgd (3.8 to 53 ML/d) are presented. Costs for installed membrane system, water treatment plant construction, operation and maintenance, and total treated water production are included based on data from the author's survey of operating membrane softening plants. Unit cost curves are included as a function of installed membrane permeate capacity. The effects of membrane bypass and blending, plant operating factors, concentrate disposal, and amortization at various interest rates are discussed.
Cost of membrane softening in Florida
Bergman, Robert A. (author)
Journal ‐ American Water Works Association ; 88 ; 32-43
1996-05-01
12 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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