A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Control of new copper corrosion in high‐alkalinity drinking water
Research and field experience have shown that high‐alkalinity waters can be associated with elevated copper levels in drinking water. The objective of this study was to document the application of orthophosphate to the distribution system of a building with a copper problem associated with high‐alkalinity source water. The alkalinity and pH of the water were 273 mg/L calcium carbonate and 7.4, respectively, and copper levels at taps ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 mg/L. Experimental bench‐scale jar tests proved to be useful for establishing an appropriate orthophosphate (PO4) dose. A simple chemical feed system delivered orthophosphate to the building at a dose of approximately 3 mg/L PO4. Within several weeks, copper levels throughout the building dropped below the Lead and Copper Rule copper action level of 1.3 mg/L. Orthophosphate levels remained consistent across the building and did not change during stagnation. The addition of orthophosphate also increased chlorine residuals of flushed water samples.
Control of new copper corrosion in high‐alkalinity drinking water
Research and field experience have shown that high‐alkalinity waters can be associated with elevated copper levels in drinking water. The objective of this study was to document the application of orthophosphate to the distribution system of a building with a copper problem associated with high‐alkalinity source water. The alkalinity and pH of the water were 273 mg/L calcium carbonate and 7.4, respectively, and copper levels at taps ranged from 1.4 to 2.4 mg/L. Experimental bench‐scale jar tests proved to be useful for establishing an appropriate orthophosphate (PO4) dose. A simple chemical feed system delivered orthophosphate to the building at a dose of approximately 3 mg/L PO4. Within several weeks, copper levels throughout the building dropped below the Lead and Copper Rule copper action level of 1.3 mg/L. Orthophosphate levels remained consistent across the building and did not change during stagnation. The addition of orthophosphate also increased chlorine residuals of flushed water samples.
Control of new copper corrosion in high‐alkalinity drinking water
Grace, Stephen (author) / Lytle, Darren A. (author) / Goltz, Mark N. (author)
Journal ‐ American Water Works Association ; 104 ; E15-E25
2012-01-01
11 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Alkalinity, pH, and copper corrosion by‐product release
| Wiley | 1996
| British Library Online Contents | 2000
Corrosion Control of Drinking Water Copper Pipes by Corrosion Inhibitor
| British Library Online Contents | 2010
Arsenic Removal from Drinking Water Containing Varying Alkalinity and Silicate Levels
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2005