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Monochloramine Decay for Two Chlorine to Ammonia Ratios in Bulk Water
Within the context of the treatment of tap water as a research objective, a bulk model has been developed to describe chloramines decay for chlorine to ammonia ratios of 3:1 and 4:1. The model is based on studies of isolated individual reactions and also concerning the chloramines decay as a whole. The experimental results were used to estimate and verify the model for use in actual drinking water distribution systems under various chloramines conditions. The overall model formulation works reasonably well in describing chloramines decay in bulk water containing natural organic matter (NOM) and nitrite over a variety of reaction conditions. The data show that the auto‐decomposition rate of chloramines is faster in the presence of NOM in bulk water for a chlorine to ammonia ratio (Cl:N) of 3:1 versus 4:1. In contrast, the decay rate caused by nitrite is independent of the Cl:N ratio. The decay rate increases with the NOM and nitrite concentrations and the temperature, but decreases with increasing pH. The effect of higher temperature on chloramines loss was more marked at the 3:1 Cl:N ratio.
Monochloramine Decay for Two Chlorine to Ammonia Ratios in Bulk Water
Within the context of the treatment of tap water as a research objective, a bulk model has been developed to describe chloramines decay for chlorine to ammonia ratios of 3:1 and 4:1. The model is based on studies of isolated individual reactions and also concerning the chloramines decay as a whole. The experimental results were used to estimate and verify the model for use in actual drinking water distribution systems under various chloramines conditions. The overall model formulation works reasonably well in describing chloramines decay in bulk water containing natural organic matter (NOM) and nitrite over a variety of reaction conditions. The data show that the auto‐decomposition rate of chloramines is faster in the presence of NOM in bulk water for a chlorine to ammonia ratio (Cl:N) of 3:1 versus 4:1. In contrast, the decay rate caused by nitrite is independent of the Cl:N ratio. The decay rate increases with the NOM and nitrite concentrations and the temperature, but decreases with increasing pH. The effect of higher temperature on chloramines loss was more marked at the 3:1 Cl:N ratio.
Monochloramine Decay for Two Chlorine to Ammonia Ratios in Bulk Water
Zhou, Lingling (author) / Zhang, Yongji (author) / Zeng, Guo (author)
Water Environment Research ; 85 ; 2194-2200
2013-11-01
7 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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