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Testing of Household Products and Materials for Emission of Toluene Diisocyanate
Abstract Polyurethane products were subjected to chamber testing to determine their emission rates of 2,4‐ and 2,6‐toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The polyurethane (PU) products included carpet padding, furniture cushions, sheet foam, varnishes, and sealants, as well as a commercially‐applied water sealant product for concrete that contained up to 4 percent TDI by weight. The PU products were screened in a 9‐L glass chamber, under elevated temperature and chamber loading conditions, using both a time‐integrated sampling and analysis method specific for TDI and a continuous but non‐specific real‐time monitor for isocyanates. None of the products normally found in residences showed a positive response in the screening tests, indicating that TDI emissions and consequently toxic effects from such products are negligible. However, the commercially‐applied water sealant gave a positive response in the screening test. Further testing of that product at realistic temperatures showed initial TDI emission rates of about 300,000 μg/m2/hr, with emissions lasting only one hour or less. At 21 and 27°C, about 1 percent and 5 percent, respectively, of the TDI content of the product was released to the air. The emitted TDI was predominantly the 2,6‐isomer, although the TDI originally present in the product was predominantly the 2,4‐isomer.
Testing of Household Products and Materials for Emission of Toluene Diisocyanate
Abstract Polyurethane products were subjected to chamber testing to determine their emission rates of 2,4‐ and 2,6‐toluene diisocyanate (TDI). The polyurethane (PU) products included carpet padding, furniture cushions, sheet foam, varnishes, and sealants, as well as a commercially‐applied water sealant product for concrete that contained up to 4 percent TDI by weight. The PU products were screened in a 9‐L glass chamber, under elevated temperature and chamber loading conditions, using both a time‐integrated sampling and analysis method specific for TDI and a continuous but non‐specific real‐time monitor for isocyanates. None of the products normally found in residences showed a positive response in the screening tests, indicating that TDI emissions and consequently toxic effects from such products are negligible. However, the commercially‐applied water sealant gave a positive response in the screening test. Further testing of that product at realistic temperatures showed initial TDI emission rates of about 300,000 μg/m2/hr, with emissions lasting only one hour or less. At 21 and 27°C, about 1 percent and 5 percent, respectively, of the TDI content of the product was released to the air. The emitted TDI was predominantly the 2,6‐isomer, although the TDI originally present in the product was predominantly the 2,4‐isomer.
Testing of Household Products and Materials for Emission of Toluene Diisocyanate
Kelly, Thomas J. (author) / Myers, Jeffrey D. (author) / Holdren, Michael W. (author)
Indoor Air ; 9 ; 117-124
1999-06-01
8 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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