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PM₁₀ Source Apportionment in Ahvaz, Iran, Using Positive Matrix Factorization

Sowlat, Mohammad Hossein / Naddafi, Kazem / Yunesian, Masud / Jackson, Peter L. / Lotfi, Saeedeh / Shahsavani, Abbas

Source apportionment of particulate matter <10 µm in diameter (PM₁₀), having considerable impacts on human health and the environment, is of high priority in air quality management. The present study, therefore, aimed at identifying the potential sources of PM₁₀ in an arid area of Ahvaz located in southwest of Iran. For this purpose, we collected 24‐h PM₁₀ samples by a high volume air sampler. The samples were then analyzed for their elemental (Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Li, Ti, V, Zn, Mo, and Sb) and ionic (NH $_{4}^{+}$ , Cl⁻, NO $_{3}^{−}$ , and SO $_{4}^{2−}$ ) components using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and ion chromatography instruments, respectively. Eight factors were identified by positive matrix factorization: crustal dust (41.5%), road dust (5.5%), motor vehicles (11.5%), marine aerosol (8.0%), secondary aerosol (9.5%), metallurgical plants (6.0%), petrochemical industries and fossil fuel combustion (13.0%), and vegetative burning (5.0%). Result of this study suggested that the natural sources contribute most to PM₁₀ particles in the area, followed closely by the anthropogenic sources.

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PM₁₀ Source Apportionment in Ahvaz, Iran, Using Positive Matrix Factorization

Sowlat, Mohammad Hossein / Naddafi, Kazem / Yunesian, Masud / Jackson, Peter L. / Lotfi, Saeedeh / Shahsavani, Abbas

Source apportionment of particulate matter <10 µm in diameter (PM₁₀), having considerable impacts on human health and the environment, is of high priority in air quality management. The present study, therefore, aimed at identifying the potential sources of PM₁₀ in an arid area of Ahvaz located in southwest of Iran. For this purpose, we collected 24‐h PM₁₀ samples by a high volume air sampler. The samples were then analyzed for their elemental (Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Li, Ti, V, Zn, Mo, and Sb) and ionic (NH $_{4}^{+}$ , Cl⁻, NO $_{3}^{−}$ , and SO $_{4}^{2−}$ ) components using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and ion chromatography instruments, respectively. Eight factors were identified by positive matrix factorization: crustal dust (41.5%), road dust (5.5%), motor vehicles (11.5%), marine aerosol (8.0%), secondary aerosol (9.5%), metallurgical plants (6.0%), petrochemical industries and fossil fuel combustion (13.0%), and vegetative burning (5.0%). Result of this study suggested that the natural sources contribute most to PM₁₀ particles in the area, followed closely by the anthropogenic sources.

PM₁₀ Source Apportionment in Ahvaz, Iran, Using Positive Matrix Factorization

Sowlat, Mohammad Hossein / Naddafi, Kazem / Yunesian, Masud / Jackson, Peter L. / Lotfi, Saeedeh / Shahsavani, Abbas

Source apportionment of particulate matter <10 µm in diameter (PM₁₀), having considerable impacts on human health and the environment, is of high priority in air quality management. The present study, therefore, aimed at identifying the potential sources of PM₁₀ in an arid area of Ahvaz located in southwest of Iran. For this purpose, we collected 24‐h PM₁₀ samples by a high volume air sampler. The samples were then analyzed for their elemental (Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Se, Si, Sn, Sr, Li, Ti, V, Zn, Mo, and Sb) and ionic (NH $_{4}^{+}$ , Cl⁻, NO $_{3}^{−}$ , and SO $_{4}^{2−}$ ) components using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry and ion chromatography instruments, respectively. Eight factors were identified by positive matrix factorization: crustal dust (41.5%), road dust (5.5%), motor vehicles (11.5%), marine aerosol (8.0%), secondary aerosol (9.5%), metallurgical plants (6.0%), petrochemical industries and fossil fuel combustion (13.0%), and vegetative burning (5.0%). Result of this study suggested that the natural sources contribute most to PM₁₀ particles in the area, followed closely by the anthropogenic sources.

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Title:

PM₁₀ Source Apportionment in Ahvaz, Iran, Using Positive Matrix Factorization

Contributors:

Sowlat, Mohammad Hossein (author) / Naddafi, Kazem (author) / Yunesian, Masud (author) / Jackson, Peter L. (author) / Lotfi, Saeedeh (author) / Shahsavani, Abbas (author)

Published in:

CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water ; 41 ; 1143-1151

Publication date:

2013-12-01

Size:

9 pages

ISSN:

1863-0650 , 1863-0669

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.1002/clen.201200131

Type of media:

Article (Journal)

Type of material:

Electronic Resource

Language:

English

Keywords:

Ionic components , Source apportionment , PM10 , Positive Matrix Factorization , Elemental composition

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