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The flavonolignan‐silymarin protects enzymatic, hematological, and immune system against γ‐radiation‐induced toxicity
The main focus of this study is evaluation of radioprotective efficacy of silymarin, a flavonolignan, against γ‐radiation‐induced damage to hematological, vital organs (liver and intestine), and immune system. Survival studies revealed that silymarin (administered orally for 3 days) provided maximum protection (67%) at 70 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) against lethal 9 Gy γ‐irradiation (dose reduction factor = 1.27). The study revealed significant (p < 0.05) changes in levels of catalase (12.57 ± 2.58 to 30.24 ± 4.89 units), glutathione peroxidase (6.23 ± 2.95 to 13.26 ± 1.36 µg of reduced glutathione consumed/min/mg protein), glutathione reductase (0.25 ± 5.6 to 11.65 ± 2.83 pM NADPH consumed/min/mg protein), and superoxide dismutase (11.74 ± 0.2 to 16.09 ± 3.47 SOD U/mg of protein) activity at 30th day. Silymarin pretreated irradiated group exhibited increased proliferation in erythrocyte count (1.76 ± 0.41 × 106 to 9.25 ± 0.24 × 106), hemoglobin (2.15 ± 0.48g/dL to 14.77 ± 0.25g/dL), hematocrit (4.55 ± 0.24% to 37.22 ± 0.21%), and total leucocyte count (1.4 ± 0.15 × 106 to 8.31 ± 0.47 × 106) as compared with radiation control group on 15th day. An increase in CD4:CD8 ratio was witnessed (0.2–1%) at 30th day time interval using flow cytometry. Silymarin also countered radiation‐induced decrease (p < 0.05) in regulatory T‐cells (Tregs) (11.23% in radiation group at 7th day versus 0.1% in pretreated silymarin irradiated group at 15th day). The results of this study indicate that flavonolignan‐silymarin protects enzymatic, hematological, and immune system against γ‐radiation‐induced toxicity and might prove useful in management of nuclear and radiological emergencies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 641–654, 2016.
The flavonolignan‐silymarin protects enzymatic, hematological, and immune system against γ‐radiation‐induced toxicity
The main focus of this study is evaluation of radioprotective efficacy of silymarin, a flavonolignan, against γ‐radiation‐induced damage to hematological, vital organs (liver and intestine), and immune system. Survival studies revealed that silymarin (administered orally for 3 days) provided maximum protection (67%) at 70 mg/kg body weight (b.wt.) against lethal 9 Gy γ‐irradiation (dose reduction factor = 1.27). The study revealed significant (p < 0.05) changes in levels of catalase (12.57 ± 2.58 to 30.24 ± 4.89 units), glutathione peroxidase (6.23 ± 2.95 to 13.26 ± 1.36 µg of reduced glutathione consumed/min/mg protein), glutathione reductase (0.25 ± 5.6 to 11.65 ± 2.83 pM NADPH consumed/min/mg protein), and superoxide dismutase (11.74 ± 0.2 to 16.09 ± 3.47 SOD U/mg of protein) activity at 30th day. Silymarin pretreated irradiated group exhibited increased proliferation in erythrocyte count (1.76 ± 0.41 × 106 to 9.25 ± 0.24 × 106), hemoglobin (2.15 ± 0.48g/dL to 14.77 ± 0.25g/dL), hematocrit (4.55 ± 0.24% to 37.22 ± 0.21%), and total leucocyte count (1.4 ± 0.15 × 106 to 8.31 ± 0.47 × 106) as compared with radiation control group on 15th day. An increase in CD4:CD8 ratio was witnessed (0.2–1%) at 30th day time interval using flow cytometry. Silymarin also countered radiation‐induced decrease (p < 0.05) in regulatory T‐cells (Tregs) (11.23% in radiation group at 7th day versus 0.1% in pretreated silymarin irradiated group at 15th day). The results of this study indicate that flavonolignan‐silymarin protects enzymatic, hematological, and immune system against γ‐radiation‐induced toxicity and might prove useful in management of nuclear and radiological emergencies. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 31: 641–654, 2016.
The flavonolignan‐silymarin protects enzymatic, hematological, and immune system against γ‐radiation‐induced toxicity
Adhikari, Manish (author) / Arora, Rajesh (author)
Environmental Toxicology ; 31 ; 641-654
2016-06-01
14 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English