A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Microbial removal and integrity monitoring of ro and NF Membranes
This research investigated the integrity of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane systems with respect to microbial passage using microbial (bacteriophage MS2 viruses) and nonmicrobial (Rhodamine WT [RWT] dye and fluorescent‐dyed polystyrene microspheres) surrogates. Pilot‐scale experiments were conducted with microfiltered secondary wastewater effluent and conventional process‐treated surface water. Microspheres were a more accurate predictor of MS2 removal; however, RWT showed good correlation, particularly for RO. NF and RO elements compromised via a membrane pinhole showed reduced removals for all surrogates, whereas subsequent operation of such elements increased surrogate removal (through membrane fouling). This increase was reversible by chemical cleaning for elements operated on effluent but less so for surface water. Compromising RO system integrity using cut O‐rings did not increase surrogate passage. Passage increased only when sections of the O‐rings were removed. The impact on integrity of such an O‐ring compromise was dependent on location in the RO/NF system.
Microbial removal and integrity monitoring of ro and NF Membranes
This research investigated the integrity of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membrane systems with respect to microbial passage using microbial (bacteriophage MS2 viruses) and nonmicrobial (Rhodamine WT [RWT] dye and fluorescent‐dyed polystyrene microspheres) surrogates. Pilot‐scale experiments were conducted with microfiltered secondary wastewater effluent and conventional process‐treated surface water. Microspheres were a more accurate predictor of MS2 removal; however, RWT showed good correlation, particularly for RO. NF and RO elements compromised via a membrane pinhole showed reduced removals for all surrogates, whereas subsequent operation of such elements increased surrogate removal (through membrane fouling). This increase was reversible by chemical cleaning for elements operated on effluent but less so for surface water. Compromising RO system integrity using cut O‐rings did not increase surrogate passage. Passage increased only when sections of the O‐rings were removed. The impact on integrity of such an O‐ring compromise was dependent on location in the RO/NF system.
Microbial removal and integrity monitoring of ro and NF Membranes
Kitis, Mehmet (author) / Lozier, Jim C. (author) / Kim, Jae‐Hong (author) / Mi, Baoxia (author) / Mariñas, Benito J. (author)
Journal ‐ American Water Works Association ; 95 ; 105-119
2003-12-01
15 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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