A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
CONFOUNDING EFFECTS OF THE EXPORT OF PRODUCTION AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF FISHING EFFORT FROM MARINE RESERVES
Marine reserves affect areas outside reserve boundaries via the displacement of fishing effort and the export of production. Here we focus on how these key factors interact to influence the results seen once reserves are created. For a settlement‐limited fishery, export of increased production from within reserves can offset the effects of displaced fishing effort. We develop simple mathematical models that indicate net fisheries benefits can accrue at closures up to and perhaps beyond 50% of total stock area through the export of production, given documented average increases in biomass within reserves. However, reserve monitoring programs face problems identifying independent control sites because the spatial extent of export is unknown. Efforts to monitor reserve impacts on recruitment are further complicated by the fact that large reserve closures are likely necessary before significant changes in recruitment can be detected above normal interannual fluctuations. Resolving these limitations requires comprehensive monitoring data before reserves are implemented. Fortunately, studies of reserves that used Before–After, Control– Impact (BACI) experimental designs show that control and reserve sites were equivalent prior to protection, and that control sites improved after reserves were in place. Consequently, any bias in our current perception of reserve impacts likely underestimates their effect.
CONFOUNDING EFFECTS OF THE EXPORT OF PRODUCTION AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF FISHING EFFORT FROM MARINE RESERVES
Marine reserves affect areas outside reserve boundaries via the displacement of fishing effort and the export of production. Here we focus on how these key factors interact to influence the results seen once reserves are created. For a settlement‐limited fishery, export of increased production from within reserves can offset the effects of displaced fishing effort. We develop simple mathematical models that indicate net fisheries benefits can accrue at closures up to and perhaps beyond 50% of total stock area through the export of production, given documented average increases in biomass within reserves. However, reserve monitoring programs face problems identifying independent control sites because the spatial extent of export is unknown. Efforts to monitor reserve impacts on recruitment are further complicated by the fact that large reserve closures are likely necessary before significant changes in recruitment can be detected above normal interannual fluctuations. Resolving these limitations requires comprehensive monitoring data before reserves are implemented. Fortunately, studies of reserves that used Before–After, Control– Impact (BACI) experimental designs show that control and reserve sites were equivalent prior to protection, and that control sites improved after reserves were in place. Consequently, any bias in our current perception of reserve impacts likely underestimates their effect.
CONFOUNDING EFFECTS OF THE EXPORT OF PRODUCTION AND THE DISPLACEMENT OF FISHING EFFORT FROM MARINE RESERVES
Halpern, Benjamin S. (author) / Gaines, Steven D. (author) / Warner, Robert R. (author)
Ecological Applications ; 14 ; 1248-1256
2004-08-01
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Modelling the Supply of Fishing Effort
| Online Contents | 1995
Integrating Marine Reserves with Fishery Management
| British Library Conference Proceedings | 2005
Integrating Marine Reserves With Fishery Management
| ASCE | 2005