A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
A platform for research: civil engineering, architecture and urbanism
Mercury removal from municipal secondary effluent with hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration
This study evaluated the ability of hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (HFO‐RF) to remove mercury (Hg) from municipal secondary effluent at four study sites. Pilot HFO‐RF systems (136 m3/day) at two sites demonstrated total Hg concentration removal efficiencies of 96% (inflow/outflow mean total Hg: 43.6/1.6 ng/L) and 80% (4.2/0.8 ng/L). A lightly loaded medium‐scale HFO‐RF system (950 m3/day) had a concentration removal efficiency of 53% (0.98/0.46 ng/L) and removed 0.52 mg/day of total Hg and 2.2 μg/day of methyl‐Hg. A full‐scale HFO‐RF system (11,400 m3/day) yielded a total Hg concentration removal efficiency of 97% (87/2.7 ng/L) and removed an estimated 0.36 kg/year of Hg. Results suggest that the quality of secondary effluent, including dissolved organic matter content, affects achievable minimum total Hg concentrations in effluent from HFO‐RF systems. Low HFO‐RF effluent concentrations (<1 ng/L) can be expected when treating secondary effluent from suspended‐growth biological treatment systems. Trace levels of mercury in municipal secondary effluent can negatively impact receiving waters. Hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (HFO‐RF) can remove mercury from municipal secondary effluent to levels below the Great Lakes Initiative discharge standard of 1.3 ng/L. Mercury removal to low concentrations (< 1 ng/L) using HFO‐RF appears to be associated with secondary effluents with low dissolved organic matter content. HFO‐RF can also remove total phosphorus and turbidity to low concentrations.
Mercury removal from municipal secondary effluent with hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration
This study evaluated the ability of hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (HFO‐RF) to remove mercury (Hg) from municipal secondary effluent at four study sites. Pilot HFO‐RF systems (136 m3/day) at two sites demonstrated total Hg concentration removal efficiencies of 96% (inflow/outflow mean total Hg: 43.6/1.6 ng/L) and 80% (4.2/0.8 ng/L). A lightly loaded medium‐scale HFO‐RF system (950 m3/day) had a concentration removal efficiency of 53% (0.98/0.46 ng/L) and removed 0.52 mg/day of total Hg and 2.2 μg/day of methyl‐Hg. A full‐scale HFO‐RF system (11,400 m3/day) yielded a total Hg concentration removal efficiency of 97% (87/2.7 ng/L) and removed an estimated 0.36 kg/year of Hg. Results suggest that the quality of secondary effluent, including dissolved organic matter content, affects achievable minimum total Hg concentrations in effluent from HFO‐RF systems. Low HFO‐RF effluent concentrations (<1 ng/L) can be expected when treating secondary effluent from suspended‐growth biological treatment systems. Trace levels of mercury in municipal secondary effluent can negatively impact receiving waters. Hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration (HFO‐RF) can remove mercury from municipal secondary effluent to levels below the Great Lakes Initiative discharge standard of 1.3 ng/L. Mercury removal to low concentrations (< 1 ng/L) using HFO‐RF appears to be associated with secondary effluents with low dissolved organic matter content. HFO‐RF can also remove total phosphorus and turbidity to low concentrations.
Mercury removal from municipal secondary effluent with hydrous ferric oxide reactive filtration
Beutel, Marc W. (author) / Dent, Stephen R. (author) / Newcombe, Remy L. (author) / Möller, Gregory (author)
Water Environment Research ; 91 ; 132-143
2019-02-01
12 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Removal of heavy metals in stormwater by hydrous ferric oxide
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| British Library Online Contents | 2013