Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Inorganic and Organic Silicon Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes during Pilot-Scale Direct Potable Reuse
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0230-6292
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-1439
Fouled nanofiltration membranes from lead and lag positions of a 2-stage pilot-scale direct potable reuse plant treating secondary municipal wastewater effluent in El Paso, Texas were thoroughly characterized after 9 months of operation to elucidate the role of silicon moieties on fouling. X-ray photoelectron (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies identified silicon oxides/silica as dominant foulants, especially on the lag element. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy also identified organosilicon moieties such as linear- and cyclosiloxanes on the lead element. Extensive siliceous fouling was accompanied by calcium, aluminum, and magnesium scaling as well as deposition of bioorganic materials thereby modifying membrane surfaces that resulted in irreversible productivity loss. None of the three selected cleaning agents (sodium dodecyl sulfate and NaOH, EDTA and NaOH, and HCl), either singly or in combination satisfactorily restored water permeability of the membrane. EDTA performed better in the lead element (where bioorganic fouling prevailed), and HCl was more effective in the lag element (where mineral scaling accompanied silicon oxides). This suggests the express need for novel antiscalants to reduce organosilicon/silicon oxide deposition and the necessity of harsher cleaning agents/regimens specifically targeting silicon (e.g., hydrofluoric acid or ammonium bifluoride).
Inorganic and Organic Silicon Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes during Pilot-Scale Direct Potable Reuse
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0230-6292
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-1439
Fouled nanofiltration membranes from lead and lag positions of a 2-stage pilot-scale direct potable reuse plant treating secondary municipal wastewater effluent in El Paso, Texas were thoroughly characterized after 9 months of operation to elucidate the role of silicon moieties on fouling. X-ray photoelectron (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies identified silicon oxides/silica as dominant foulants, especially on the lag element. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy also identified organosilicon moieties such as linear- and cyclosiloxanes on the lead element. Extensive siliceous fouling was accompanied by calcium, aluminum, and magnesium scaling as well as deposition of bioorganic materials thereby modifying membrane surfaces that resulted in irreversible productivity loss. None of the three selected cleaning agents (sodium dodecyl sulfate and NaOH, EDTA and NaOH, and HCl), either singly or in combination satisfactorily restored water permeability of the membrane. EDTA performed better in the lead element (where bioorganic fouling prevailed), and HCl was more effective in the lag element (where mineral scaling accompanied silicon oxides). This suggests the express need for novel antiscalants to reduce organosilicon/silicon oxide deposition and the necessity of harsher cleaning agents/regimens specifically targeting silicon (e.g., hydrofluoric acid or ammonium bifluoride).
Inorganic and Organic Silicon Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes during Pilot-Scale Direct Potable Reuse
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0230-6292
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9173-1439
Fouled nanofiltration membranes from lead and lag positions of a 2-stage pilot-scale direct potable reuse plant treating secondary municipal wastewater effluent in El Paso, Texas were thoroughly characterized after 9 months of operation to elucidate the role of silicon moieties on fouling. X-ray photoelectron (XPS), energy dispersive X-ray (EDS), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopies identified silicon oxides/silica as dominant foulants, especially on the lag element. Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy also identified organosilicon moieties such as linear- and cyclosiloxanes on the lead element. Extensive siliceous fouling was accompanied by calcium, aluminum, and magnesium scaling as well as deposition of bioorganic materials thereby modifying membrane surfaces that resulted in irreversible productivity loss. None of the three selected cleaning agents (sodium dodecyl sulfate and NaOH, EDTA and NaOH, and HCl), either singly or in combination satisfactorily restored water permeability of the membrane. EDTA performed better in the lead element (where bioorganic fouling prevailed), and HCl was more effective in the lag element (where mineral scaling accompanied silicon oxides). This suggests the express need for novel antiscalants to reduce organosilicon/silicon oxide deposition and the necessity of harsher cleaning agents/regimens specifically targeting silicon (e.g., hydrofluoric acid or ammonium bifluoride).
Inorganic and Organic Silicon Fouling of Nanofiltration Membranes during Pilot-Scale Direct Potable Reuse
Abada, Bilal (Autor:in) / Joag, Sanket (Autor:in) / Alspach, Brent (Autor:in) / Bustamante, Angel (Autor:in) / Chellam, Shankararaman (Autor:in)
ACS ES&T Engineering ; 3 ; 1413-1423
08.09.2023
Aufsatz (Zeitschrift)
Elektronische Ressource
Unbekannt
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