Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in street dust and wipe samples ; Bewertung von polychlorierten Biphenylen, polychlorierten Dibenzo-p-dioxinen und Dibenzofuranen in Straßenstaub und Wischproben
Within this thesis rapid approaches to screening for the presence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in street dust and wipe samples were validated and applied in environmental monitoring or as part of governmental inspection programs. Generally, instrumental analysis was based on gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) and quantification was based on isotope dilution analysis. Street dust samples were collected using a natural bristle brush and stainless steel scoops. Mass recovery of fine-particle sea sand (a dust surrogate) on asphalt and concrete surfaces was used as a criterion for the effectiveness of sampling. Better mass recoveries of the dust surrogate were achieved on concrete than on asphalt surfaces. A wipe sampling method based on solvent wetted cotton wipes was evaluated for the investigation of transfer efficiencies during the sampling of PCBs and PCDD/PCDFs in particulate films (PFs) and oily liquid films (OFs). For PFs sufficient transfer efficiencies of low concentrated PCB and PCDD/PCDF congeners in 1g/m2 spiking surrogate were achieved after the first wipe using n-hexane as wetting solvent. Transfer efficiencies for oily liquid films (OFs) were highest in the first wipe if n-hexane and n-heptane were used as compared to toluene. The spiking experiments of OFs showed a log-linear correlation between the number of wiping procedures and transfer efficiency which indicates that transfer efficiencies were constant in subsequent wipes. For the extraction of PCBs and PCDD/PCDFs from street dust samples an extraction temperature optimization for a pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was developed and compared with Soxhlet extraction for the analysis of PCBs in real street dust samples. Toluene was used as the extraction solvent in both cases. During this study, a combination of toluene and PLE achieved better extraction efficiencies than Soxhlet extraction. Finally, the performance of the PLE ...
Evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in street dust and wipe samples ; Bewertung von polychlorierten Biphenylen, polychlorierten Dibenzo-p-dioxinen und Dibenzofuranen in Straßenstaub und Wischproben
Within this thesis rapid approaches to screening for the presence of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans (PCDD/PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in street dust and wipe samples were validated and applied in environmental monitoring or as part of governmental inspection programs. Generally, instrumental analysis was based on gas chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (GC/HRMS) and quantification was based on isotope dilution analysis. Street dust samples were collected using a natural bristle brush and stainless steel scoops. Mass recovery of fine-particle sea sand (a dust surrogate) on asphalt and concrete surfaces was used as a criterion for the effectiveness of sampling. Better mass recoveries of the dust surrogate were achieved on concrete than on asphalt surfaces. A wipe sampling method based on solvent wetted cotton wipes was evaluated for the investigation of transfer efficiencies during the sampling of PCBs and PCDD/PCDFs in particulate films (PFs) and oily liquid films (OFs). For PFs sufficient transfer efficiencies of low concentrated PCB and PCDD/PCDF congeners in 1g/m2 spiking surrogate were achieved after the first wipe using n-hexane as wetting solvent. Transfer efficiencies for oily liquid films (OFs) were highest in the first wipe if n-hexane and n-heptane were used as compared to toluene. The spiking experiments of OFs showed a log-linear correlation between the number of wiping procedures and transfer efficiency which indicates that transfer efficiencies were constant in subsequent wipes. For the extraction of PCBs and PCDD/PCDFs from street dust samples an extraction temperature optimization for a pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) method was developed and compared with Soxhlet extraction for the analysis of PCBs in real street dust samples. Toluene was used as the extraction solvent in both cases. During this study, a combination of toluene and PLE achieved better extraction efficiencies than Soxhlet extraction. Finally, the performance of the PLE ...
Evaluation of polychlorinated biphenyls, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in street dust and wipe samples ; Bewertung von polychlorierten Biphenylen, polychlorierten Dibenzo-p-dioxinen und Dibenzofuranen in Straßenstaub und Wischproben
Klees, Marcel (Autor:in) / Schmidt, Torsten Claus
04.08.2015
Hochschulschrift
Elektronische Ressource
Englisch