Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
Eine Plattform für die Wissenschaft: Bauingenieurwesen, Architektur und Urbanistik
When fire occurs in hospitals, hotels, institutions etc., fatalities among occupants are most often caused by smoke or toxic gases at a very early stage of the development of the fire. The effect of ventilation systems on smoke exposure for occupants has been investigated by full-scale fire tests with flaming and smouldering fires in bedding materials in a four-bed room. With a conventional ventilation system operating both the air supply and the extraction devices in the ceiling, no positive influence was found regarding smoke density or toxic gases in the lower region of the room. In a smouldering fire situation (where the heat output is small) a new type of air supply system called the low momentum displacement ventilation system tends to reduce smoke density and stops toxic gases infiltrating the lower region of the room. The tests also showed that the rapid increase in smoke density in the upper regions decreased the detection time for the ionization smoke detector.
When fire occurs in hospitals, hotels, institutions etc., fatalities among occupants are most often caused by smoke or toxic gases at a very early stage of the development of the fire. The effect of ventilation systems on smoke exposure for occupants has been investigated by full-scale fire tests with flaming and smouldering fires in bedding materials in a four-bed room. With a conventional ventilation system operating both the air supply and the extraction devices in the ceiling, no positive influence was found regarding smoke density or toxic gases in the lower region of the room. In a smouldering fire situation (where the heat output is small) a new type of air supply system called the low momentum displacement ventilation system tends to reduce smoke density and stops toxic gases infiltrating the lower region of the room. The tests also showed that the rapid increase in smoke density in the upper regions decreased the detection time for the ionization smoke detector.
Smoke Filling of Enclosure and the Detection of Smoke-Influence by the Ventilation System
O. Meland (Autor:in)
1986
37 pages
Report
Keine Angabe
Englisch
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