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Enhancing Resource Recovery through Electro-Assisted Regeneration of an Ammonia-Selective Cation Exchange Resin
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-7588
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-2618
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-0023
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-526X
Ammonia-selective adsorbents can manage reactive nitrogen in the environment and promote a circular nutrient economy. Weak acid cation exchangers loaded with zinc exhibit high ammonia selectivity but face two implementation barriers: the stability of the zinc–carboxylate bond in complex wastewaters and energy- and logistics-intensive adsorbent regeneration with acidic solutions. In this study, we examined the stability of zinc–carboxylate bonds in varying solutions (pure ammonium solution, synthetic urine, and real urine) and during electro-assisted regeneration. For electrochemical regeneration, both electrolyte concentration and current density influenced the trade-off between ammonia regeneration and zinc elution. Using 10 mM K2SO4 anolyte at a 0.08 mA/cm2 current density, we achieved 4% zinc elution and 61% ammonia regeneration. In contrast, using 100 mM K2SO4 at 4.96 mA/cm2 improved the regeneration efficiency to 97% but eluted 60% of zinc. We found that electrolyte concentration was the key factor influencing the regeneration efficiency of the NH3-selective adsorbents. Due to prevalent zinc elution, we designed an in situ procedure for reforming the zinc–carboxylate bond and achieved similar adsorption densities between pre- and post-regenerated resins, thus enabling multiple cycle resin use. Ultimately, this study advances understanding of ammonia-selective resins that can facilitate high-purity, selective, and durable recovery of nutrients from waste streams.
Electrified adsorbent regeneration can control the recovery efficiency and chemical stability of ammonia-selective adsorbents
Enhancing Resource Recovery through Electro-Assisted Regeneration of an Ammonia-Selective Cation Exchange Resin
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-7588
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-2618
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-0023
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-526X
Ammonia-selective adsorbents can manage reactive nitrogen in the environment and promote a circular nutrient economy. Weak acid cation exchangers loaded with zinc exhibit high ammonia selectivity but face two implementation barriers: the stability of the zinc–carboxylate bond in complex wastewaters and energy- and logistics-intensive adsorbent regeneration with acidic solutions. In this study, we examined the stability of zinc–carboxylate bonds in varying solutions (pure ammonium solution, synthetic urine, and real urine) and during electro-assisted regeneration. For electrochemical regeneration, both electrolyte concentration and current density influenced the trade-off between ammonia regeneration and zinc elution. Using 10 mM K2SO4 anolyte at a 0.08 mA/cm2 current density, we achieved 4% zinc elution and 61% ammonia regeneration. In contrast, using 100 mM K2SO4 at 4.96 mA/cm2 improved the regeneration efficiency to 97% but eluted 60% of zinc. We found that electrolyte concentration was the key factor influencing the regeneration efficiency of the NH3-selective adsorbents. Due to prevalent zinc elution, we designed an in situ procedure for reforming the zinc–carboxylate bond and achieved similar adsorption densities between pre- and post-regenerated resins, thus enabling multiple cycle resin use. Ultimately, this study advances understanding of ammonia-selective resins that can facilitate high-purity, selective, and durable recovery of nutrients from waste streams.
Electrified adsorbent regeneration can control the recovery efficiency and chemical stability of ammonia-selective adsorbents
Enhancing Resource Recovery through Electro-Assisted Regeneration of an Ammonia-Selective Cation Exchange Resin
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6067-7588
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5696-2618
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4762-0023
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-526X
Ammonia-selective adsorbents can manage reactive nitrogen in the environment and promote a circular nutrient economy. Weak acid cation exchangers loaded with zinc exhibit high ammonia selectivity but face two implementation barriers: the stability of the zinc–carboxylate bond in complex wastewaters and energy- and logistics-intensive adsorbent regeneration with acidic solutions. In this study, we examined the stability of zinc–carboxylate bonds in varying solutions (pure ammonium solution, synthetic urine, and real urine) and during electro-assisted regeneration. For electrochemical regeneration, both electrolyte concentration and current density influenced the trade-off between ammonia regeneration and zinc elution. Using 10 mM K2SO4 anolyte at a 0.08 mA/cm2 current density, we achieved 4% zinc elution and 61% ammonia regeneration. In contrast, using 100 mM K2SO4 at 4.96 mA/cm2 improved the regeneration efficiency to 97% but eluted 60% of zinc. We found that electrolyte concentration was the key factor influencing the regeneration efficiency of the NH3-selective adsorbents. Due to prevalent zinc elution, we designed an in situ procedure for reforming the zinc–carboxylate bond and achieved similar adsorption densities between pre- and post-regenerated resins, thus enabling multiple cycle resin use. Ultimately, this study advances understanding of ammonia-selective resins that can facilitate high-purity, selective, and durable recovery of nutrients from waste streams.
Electrified adsorbent regeneration can control the recovery efficiency and chemical stability of ammonia-selective adsorbents
Enhancing Resource Recovery through Electro-Assisted Regeneration of an Ammonia-Selective Cation Exchange Resin
Apraku, Edward (author) / Laguna, Chloe M. (author) / Wood, Robert M. (author) / Sharma, Neha (author) / Dong, Hang (author) / Tarpeh, William A. (author)
ACS ES&T Water ; 4 ; 4521-4532
2024-10-11
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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