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ECOLOGICAL APPROACH ON SANITATION: COMPOSTING OF HUMAN EXCRETA USING BIOTOILET WITH LIGNOCELLULOSES WASTE MATERIAL AS MATRIX
This study was aimed to evaluate the characteristic and prospect of lignocelluloses waste material, i.e. mixtured wood sawdust as matrix in composting human excreta using Biotoilet. Initially, 26.4 kg mixtured wood sawdust (+4/-32 mesh) moisture 11.84% was filled into Biotoilet chamber, and added with 20L tap water to achieve ±50% moisture. Mixer in Biotoilet was adjusted to run-on intermittently with interval 15 min, each for 2 min, i.e. 1 min to clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. Exhaust fan with flow rate of 0.04m 3 .sec was operated continuously to ensure proper aeration. Human excreta were loaded daily to Biotoilet chamber for 90 days which would be composted. Data showed that temperature of composting system was 25.70-43.67 -1 C. Moisture was 22.27-53.20% and pH 6.20-7.00. C/N ratio composted residual sawdust was 25:1. Ash, N, P, and K content were 11.78; 1.78; 0.85; and 0.95%, respectively. Bad odor was not created during composting. It was concluded mixtured wood sawdust could be used as matrix for composting human excreta. The compost could be categorized into Class-A that safe for food and non-food plant. Application of mixture wood sawdust as matrix in Biotoilet for composting human excreta could improve sanitation, prevent water degradation, at once increase soil quality for agricultural. ; Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik dan prospek limbah lignoselulosa berupa serbuk gergaji kayu campuran sebagai bahan matrik dalam komposting ekskresi manusia menggunakan Biotoilet. Sebanyak 26.4 kg serbuk kayu (4-32mesh) dengan kadar air 11.84% dimasukkan ke reaktor Biotoilet, lalu ditambahkan 20 L air untuk mencapai kadar air ±50%. Mixer yang ada di reaktor Biotoilet dioperasikan secara berkala dengan interval waktu 15 menit, masing-masing selama 2 menit, yaitu 1 menit searah dan 1 menit berlawanan arah jarum jam. Kipas dengan kecepatan 0.04m 3 .sec -1 dijalankan kontinyu agar kondisi tetap aerobik. Eksresi manusia dimasukkan setiap hari selama 90 hari untuk dibuat kompos. Data menunjukkan suhu selama proses komposting berkisar 25.70-43.67 C, kadar air 22.27-53.20%, dan pH 6.207.00. Kompos yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai C/N ratio 25:1. Sedangkan kadar abu, N, P dan K masing-masing sebesar 11.78; 1.78; 0.85 dan 0.95%. Tidak ada bau busuk selama komposting. Dapat disimpulkan serbuk kayu campuran dapat digunakan sebagai matrik dalam komposting ekskresi manusia. Kompos yang dihasilkan termasuk kategori klas-A dan aman untuk tanaman non-pangan maupun pangan. Penggunaan serbuk kayu campuran sebagai matrik dalam Biotoilet untuk composting ekskresi manusia dapat memperbaiki sanitasi, mencegah degradasi air dan lahan pertanian.
ECOLOGICAL APPROACH ON SANITATION: COMPOSTING OF HUMAN EXCRETA USING BIOTOILET WITH LIGNOCELLULOSES WASTE MATERIAL AS MATRIX
This study was aimed to evaluate the characteristic and prospect of lignocelluloses waste material, i.e. mixtured wood sawdust as matrix in composting human excreta using Biotoilet. Initially, 26.4 kg mixtured wood sawdust (+4/-32 mesh) moisture 11.84% was filled into Biotoilet chamber, and added with 20L tap water to achieve ±50% moisture. Mixer in Biotoilet was adjusted to run-on intermittently with interval 15 min, each for 2 min, i.e. 1 min to clockwise and counter-clockwise, respectively. Exhaust fan with flow rate of 0.04m 3 .sec was operated continuously to ensure proper aeration. Human excreta were loaded daily to Biotoilet chamber for 90 days which would be composted. Data showed that temperature of composting system was 25.70-43.67 -1 C. Moisture was 22.27-53.20% and pH 6.20-7.00. C/N ratio composted residual sawdust was 25:1. Ash, N, P, and K content were 11.78; 1.78; 0.85; and 0.95%, respectively. Bad odor was not created during composting. It was concluded mixtured wood sawdust could be used as matrix for composting human excreta. The compost could be categorized into Class-A that safe for food and non-food plant. Application of mixture wood sawdust as matrix in Biotoilet for composting human excreta could improve sanitation, prevent water degradation, at once increase soil quality for agricultural. ; Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi karakteristik dan prospek limbah lignoselulosa berupa serbuk gergaji kayu campuran sebagai bahan matrik dalam komposting ekskresi manusia menggunakan Biotoilet. Sebanyak 26.4 kg serbuk kayu (4-32mesh) dengan kadar air 11.84% dimasukkan ke reaktor Biotoilet, lalu ditambahkan 20 L air untuk mencapai kadar air ±50%. Mixer yang ada di reaktor Biotoilet dioperasikan secara berkala dengan interval waktu 15 menit, masing-masing selama 2 menit, yaitu 1 menit searah dan 1 menit berlawanan arah jarum jam. Kipas dengan kecepatan 0.04m 3 .sec -1 dijalankan kontinyu agar kondisi tetap aerobik. Eksresi manusia dimasukkan setiap hari selama 90 hari untuk dibuat kompos. Data menunjukkan suhu selama proses komposting berkisar 25.70-43.67 C, kadar air 22.27-53.20%, dan pH 6.207.00. Kompos yang dihasilkan memiliki nilai C/N ratio 25:1. Sedangkan kadar abu, N, P dan K masing-masing sebesar 11.78; 1.78; 0.85 dan 0.95%. Tidak ada bau busuk selama komposting. Dapat disimpulkan serbuk kayu campuran dapat digunakan sebagai matrik dalam komposting ekskresi manusia. Kompos yang dihasilkan termasuk kategori klas-A dan aman untuk tanaman non-pangan maupun pangan. Penggunaan serbuk kayu campuran sebagai matrik dalam Biotoilet untuk composting ekskresi manusia dapat memperbaiki sanitasi, mencegah degradasi air dan lahan pertanian.
ECOLOGICAL APPROACH ON SANITATION: COMPOSTING OF HUMAN EXCRETA USING BIOTOILET WITH LIGNOCELLULOSES WASTE MATERIAL AS MATRIX
Astuti, Jovita Tri (author) / Nilawati, Dewi (author) / Sintawardani, Neni (author)
2017-02-01
Bumi Lestari Journal of Environment; Vol 17 No 1 (2017); 39-48 ; 2527-6158 ; 1411-9668 ; 10.24843/blje.2017.v17.i01
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
DDC:
690
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