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Cardiorespiratory responses in healthy young adults with exposure to indoor airborne PAEs: A randomized, crossover trial of air purification
Highlights Air purification could reduce indoor PAEs with high efficiency. Indoor airborne PAEs exposure would lead to adverse cardiorespiratory effects. Air purification could ameliorate adverse cardiorespiratory effects caused by PAEs.
Abstract Background Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in industrial process and consumer products. Nowadays, PAEs are ubiquitous in the environment and are reported to be associated with cardiorespiratory diseases. However, studies about the association between indoor airborne PAEs exposure and cardiorespiratory health were limited, and the potential biological mechanism remains under-recognized. Methods A randomized crossover trial was conducted on 57 healthy young adults in Beijing. Repeated health measurements were performed under real and sham indoor air purification with a washout interval of at least 2 weeks. The concentration of indoor airborne PAEs were determined by gas chromatography-orbit ion trap mass spectrometry. Health indicators including blood pressure, lung function, airway inflammation, and circulating biomarkers reflecting blood coagulation and systematic oxidative stress were measured. Linear mixed-effect model was used to examine the between-treatment differences in health indicators, and three models including single-constituent, constituent-fine particulate matter (PM2.5) joint, and single-constituent residual model were used to estimate the association between indoor airborne PAEs and health indicators. Results The indoor airborne PAEs were reduced effectively under real air purification. The total indoor airborne di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), bis (4-Methyl-2-pentyl) phthalate (DMPP), diphenyl phthalate (DPP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) were identified to be most significantly associated with the increase of blood pressure and airway inflammation, and decrease of lung function. A doubling increase in DEHP, DMPP, DPP, DEP was associated with the increase of 17.2% (95% CI: 3.9%, 32.2%), 11.7% (95% CI: 3.5%, 20.6%), 7.0% (95% CI: 2.4%, 11.8%), 6.0% (95% CI: 1.8%, 10.4%) in FeNO, respectively, in single-constituent residual model. Significant associations between specific total indoor airborne PAEs and increased levels of health biomarkers including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), 8-isoprostane (8-isoPGF2α), and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) were observed. Conclusion Indoor airborne PAEs may cause adverse cardiorespiratory health effects in young healthy adults, and indoor air purification could ameliorate the adverse cardiorespiratory effects.
Cardiorespiratory responses in healthy young adults with exposure to indoor airborne PAEs: A randomized, crossover trial of air purification
Highlights Air purification could reduce indoor PAEs with high efficiency. Indoor airborne PAEs exposure would lead to adverse cardiorespiratory effects. Air purification could ameliorate adverse cardiorespiratory effects caused by PAEs.
Abstract Background Phthalic acid esters (PAEs) are widely used as plasticizers in industrial process and consumer products. Nowadays, PAEs are ubiquitous in the environment and are reported to be associated with cardiorespiratory diseases. However, studies about the association between indoor airborne PAEs exposure and cardiorespiratory health were limited, and the potential biological mechanism remains under-recognized. Methods A randomized crossover trial was conducted on 57 healthy young adults in Beijing. Repeated health measurements were performed under real and sham indoor air purification with a washout interval of at least 2 weeks. The concentration of indoor airborne PAEs were determined by gas chromatography-orbit ion trap mass spectrometry. Health indicators including blood pressure, lung function, airway inflammation, and circulating biomarkers reflecting blood coagulation and systematic oxidative stress were measured. Linear mixed-effect model was used to examine the between-treatment differences in health indicators, and three models including single-constituent, constituent-fine particulate matter (PM2.5) joint, and single-constituent residual model were used to estimate the association between indoor airborne PAEs and health indicators. Results The indoor airborne PAEs were reduced effectively under real air purification. The total indoor airborne di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP), bis (4-Methyl-2-pentyl) phthalate (DMPP), diphenyl phthalate (DPP), and diethyl phthalate (DEP) were identified to be most significantly associated with the increase of blood pressure and airway inflammation, and decrease of lung function. A doubling increase in DEHP, DMPP, DPP, DEP was associated with the increase of 17.2% (95% CI: 3.9%, 32.2%), 11.7% (95% CI: 3.5%, 20.6%), 7.0% (95% CI: 2.4%, 11.8%), 6.0% (95% CI: 1.8%, 10.4%) in FeNO, respectively, in single-constituent residual model. Significant associations between specific total indoor airborne PAEs and increased levels of health biomarkers including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL), 8-isoprostane (8-isoPGF2α), and soluble P-selectin (sP-selectin) were observed. Conclusion Indoor airborne PAEs may cause adverse cardiorespiratory health effects in young healthy adults, and indoor air purification could ameliorate the adverse cardiorespiratory effects.
Cardiorespiratory responses in healthy young adults with exposure to indoor airborne PAEs: A randomized, crossover trial of air purification
Wang, Jiawei (author) / Shi, Jiazhang (author) / Zhao, Yan (author) / Xue, Lijun (author) / Li, Guoxing (author) / Wang, Bin (author) / Huang, Jing (author) / Wu, Shaowei (author) / Guo, Xinbiao (author)
2021-07-02
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Phthalic acid esters , Indoor air purification , Oxidative stress , Blood coagulation , Airway inflammation , 8-isoPGF2α , 8-isoprostane , BBP , butyl benzyl phthalate , BMI , body mass index , BP , blood pressure , CI , confidence interval , COPD , chronic obstructive pulmonary disease , DBP , diastolic blood pressure , DBEP , bis (2-n-butoxyethyl) phthalate , DEEP , bis-2-ethoxyethyl phthalate , DEHP , di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate , DEP , diethyl phthalate , DIBP , di-<italic>iso</italic>-butyl phthalate , DMEP , dimethoxyethyl phthalate , DMP , dimethyl phthalate , DMPP , bis (4-Methyl-2-pentyl) phthalate , DNBP , di-n-butyl phthalate , DNOP , di-n-octyl phthalate , DNP , dinonyl phthalate , DPP , diphenyl phthalate , EC-SOD , extracellular superoxide dismutase , EDCs , endocrine disrupting chemicals , ELISA , enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay , FEF<inf>25-75%</inf> , forced expiratory flow between the 25th and 75th percentile of forced vital capacity , FeNO , fractional exhaled nitric oxide , FEV<inf>1</inf> , forced expiratory volume in one second , FVC , forced vital capacity , GPx1 , glutathione peroxidase 1 , HEPA , high-efficiency particulate air , MDA , malondialdehyde , MMP , mono-methyl phthalate , ox-LDL , oxidized low-density lipoprotein , PAEs , phthalic acid esters , PEF , peak expiratory flow , PM<inf>2.5</inf> , particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 μm , ROS , reactive oxygen species , SBP , systolic blood pressure , SD , standard deviation , SE , standard error , sP-selectin , soluble P-selectin , SVOC , semi-volatile organic pollutant , TVOC , total volatile organic compound , vWF , von Willebrand factor
| Wiley | 2021