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Peripubertal blood lead levels and growth among Russian boys
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7528-6643
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-3348
AbstractBackgroundChildhood blood lead levels (BLL) have been associated with growth impairment.ObjectivesWe assessed associations of peripubertal BLL with adolescent growth and near adult height in a longitudinal cohort of Russian boys.Methods481 boys were enrolled at ages 8–9years and followed annually to age 18. At enrollment, BLL was measured, and height, weight, and pubertal staging were obtained annually during 10years of follow-up. Mixed effects models were used to assess the associations of BLL with longitudinal age-adjusted World Health Organization Z-scores for height (HT-Z) and body mass index (BMI-Z), and annual height velocity (HV). Interactions between boys' age and BLL on growth outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThe median (range) BLL was 3.0 (0.5–31.0) μg/dL. At age 18years, 79% of boys had achieved near adult height (HV <1.0cm/year), and means (SD) for HT-Z and BMI-Z were 0.15 (0.92) and −0.32 (1.24). Over 10years of follow-up, after covariate adjustment, boys with higher (≥5μg/dL) BLL compared with lower BLL were shorter (adjusted mean difference in HT-Z=−0.43, 95% CI −0.60, −0.25, p-value <0.001), translating to a 2.5cm lower height at age 18years. The decrement in height for boys with higher BLL was most pronounced at 12 to 15years of age (interaction p=0.03). Boys with higher BLL were leaner (adjusted mean difference in BMI-Z=−0.22, 95% CI: −0.45, 0.01, p=0.06).ConclusionsHigher peripubertal BLLs were associated with shorter height through age 18years, suggesting a persistent effect of lead on linear growth.
HighlightsMedian (range) blood lead level was 3.0 (0.5–31.0) μg/dL in Russian boys at 8–9yrs.Boys with childhood blood lead ≥5 vs. <5μg/dL had reduced height up to age 18yrs.Boys with higher childhood blood lead also tended to be leaner up to age 18yrs.
Peripubertal blood lead levels and growth among Russian boys
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7528-6643
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-3348
AbstractBackgroundChildhood blood lead levels (BLL) have been associated with growth impairment.ObjectivesWe assessed associations of peripubertal BLL with adolescent growth and near adult height in a longitudinal cohort of Russian boys.Methods481 boys were enrolled at ages 8–9years and followed annually to age 18. At enrollment, BLL was measured, and height, weight, and pubertal staging were obtained annually during 10years of follow-up. Mixed effects models were used to assess the associations of BLL with longitudinal age-adjusted World Health Organization Z-scores for height (HT-Z) and body mass index (BMI-Z), and annual height velocity (HV). Interactions between boys' age and BLL on growth outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThe median (range) BLL was 3.0 (0.5–31.0) μg/dL. At age 18years, 79% of boys had achieved near adult height (HV <1.0cm/year), and means (SD) for HT-Z and BMI-Z were 0.15 (0.92) and −0.32 (1.24). Over 10years of follow-up, after covariate adjustment, boys with higher (≥5μg/dL) BLL compared with lower BLL were shorter (adjusted mean difference in HT-Z=−0.43, 95% CI −0.60, −0.25, p-value <0.001), translating to a 2.5cm lower height at age 18years. The decrement in height for boys with higher BLL was most pronounced at 12 to 15years of age (interaction p=0.03). Boys with higher BLL were leaner (adjusted mean difference in BMI-Z=−0.22, 95% CI: −0.45, 0.01, p=0.06).ConclusionsHigher peripubertal BLLs were associated with shorter height through age 18years, suggesting a persistent effect of lead on linear growth.
HighlightsMedian (range) blood lead level was 3.0 (0.5–31.0) μg/dL in Russian boys at 8–9yrs.Boys with childhood blood lead ≥5 vs. <5μg/dL had reduced height up to age 18yrs.Boys with higher childhood blood lead also tended to be leaner up to age 18yrs.
Peripubertal blood lead levels and growth among Russian boys
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7528-6643
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5745-3348
AbstractBackgroundChildhood blood lead levels (BLL) have been associated with growth impairment.ObjectivesWe assessed associations of peripubertal BLL with adolescent growth and near adult height in a longitudinal cohort of Russian boys.Methods481 boys were enrolled at ages 8–9years and followed annually to age 18. At enrollment, BLL was measured, and height, weight, and pubertal staging were obtained annually during 10years of follow-up. Mixed effects models were used to assess the associations of BLL with longitudinal age-adjusted World Health Organization Z-scores for height (HT-Z) and body mass index (BMI-Z), and annual height velocity (HV). Interactions between boys' age and BLL on growth outcomes were evaluated.ResultsThe median (range) BLL was 3.0 (0.5–31.0) μg/dL. At age 18years, 79% of boys had achieved near adult height (HV <1.0cm/year), and means (SD) for HT-Z and BMI-Z were 0.15 (0.92) and −0.32 (1.24). Over 10years of follow-up, after covariate adjustment, boys with higher (≥5μg/dL) BLL compared with lower BLL were shorter (adjusted mean difference in HT-Z=−0.43, 95% CI −0.60, −0.25, p-value <0.001), translating to a 2.5cm lower height at age 18years. The decrement in height for boys with higher BLL was most pronounced at 12 to 15years of age (interaction p=0.03). Boys with higher BLL were leaner (adjusted mean difference in BMI-Z=−0.22, 95% CI: −0.45, 0.01, p=0.06).ConclusionsHigher peripubertal BLLs were associated with shorter height through age 18years, suggesting a persistent effect of lead on linear growth.
HighlightsMedian (range) blood lead level was 3.0 (0.5–31.0) μg/dL in Russian boys at 8–9yrs.Boys with childhood blood lead ≥5 vs. <5μg/dL had reduced height up to age 18yrs.Boys with higher childhood blood lead also tended to be leaner up to age 18yrs.
Peripubertal blood lead levels and growth among Russian boys
Burns, Jane S. (author) / Williams, Paige L. (author) / Lee, Mary M. (author) / Revich, Boris (author) / Sergeyev, Oleg (author) / Hauser, Russ (author) / Korrick, Susan A. (author)
Environmental International ; 106 ; 53-59
2017-05-31
7 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
BLL , blood lead level , BMI-<italic>Z</italic> , body mass index z-score , CI , confidence interval , HT-<italic>Z</italic> , height z-score , HV , height velocity , SD , standard deviation , SES , socio-economic status , WHO , World Health Organization , Lead , Metals , Children , Childhood growth , Height , Body mass index
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