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Raw halloysite as reusable heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of lauric acid
Abstract The methylic and ethylic esterifications of lauric acid were investigated using raw halloysite as a catalyst, in heterogeneous media. The reactions were conducted with different molar ratios (alcohol:lauric acid) and proportions of catalyst, at 160°C for 2h in a pressurized steel reactor. Halloysite produced lauric acid conversion of 95.02% and 87.11% for the methylic and ethylic esterifications, respectively. These results were better than those obtained from thermal conversion (75.61% and 59.86% for methanol and ethanol, respectively). After four consecutive reaction cycles, halloysite was recovered and could be reused after washing and drying. The results showed that halloysite is a promising inexpensive and reusable material for esterification reactions involving fatty acids.
Graphical Abstract Methylic esterification of lauric acid using raw halloysite as catalyst. a, b and c represent different molar ratios (methanol:lauric acid) and zero catalyst content represent the thermal conversion. Reactions conditions: 160°C for 2h. Display Omitted Research Highlights ►Raw halloysite was used on the (m)ethanolic esterification reactions of lauric acid. ►The catalytic activity was demonstrated by the higher reaction yields. ►The catalyst recovery and reuse was attested with four consecutive reaction cycles. ►These results show the use of inexpensive catalysts to produce fatty acid esters.
Raw halloysite as reusable heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of lauric acid
Abstract The methylic and ethylic esterifications of lauric acid were investigated using raw halloysite as a catalyst, in heterogeneous media. The reactions were conducted with different molar ratios (alcohol:lauric acid) and proportions of catalyst, at 160°C for 2h in a pressurized steel reactor. Halloysite produced lauric acid conversion of 95.02% and 87.11% for the methylic and ethylic esterifications, respectively. These results were better than those obtained from thermal conversion (75.61% and 59.86% for methanol and ethanol, respectively). After four consecutive reaction cycles, halloysite was recovered and could be reused after washing and drying. The results showed that halloysite is a promising inexpensive and reusable material for esterification reactions involving fatty acids.
Graphical Abstract Methylic esterification of lauric acid using raw halloysite as catalyst. a, b and c represent different molar ratios (methanol:lauric acid) and zero catalyst content represent the thermal conversion. Reactions conditions: 160°C for 2h. Display Omitted Research Highlights ►Raw halloysite was used on the (m)ethanolic esterification reactions of lauric acid. ►The catalytic activity was demonstrated by the higher reaction yields. ►The catalyst recovery and reuse was attested with four consecutive reaction cycles. ►These results show the use of inexpensive catalysts to produce fatty acid esters.
Raw halloysite as reusable heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of lauric acid
Zatta, Leandro (author) / Gardolinski, José Eduardo Ferreira da Costa (author) / Wypych, Fernando (author)
Applied Clay Science ; 51 ; 165-169
2010-10-22
5 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Raw halloysite as reusable heterogeneous catalyst for esterification of lauric acid
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