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Acid-activated montmorillonites as heterogeneous catalysts for the esterification of lauric acid acid with methanol
Abstract A standard clay mineral was systematically subjected to activation with phosphoric acid under different concentrations and activation times. The materials were evaluated with regard to their structure, presence of functional groups, textural properties and the presence of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites. After characterization, the best catalyst was evaluated in the esterification of lauric acid with methanol. High conversions were observed in short times (between 91.63 and 96.67%) and relatively mild reaction temperatures, revealing the potential of acid-activated clays as esterification catalysts for industrial applications such as biodiesel production. For comparison purposes, some experiments were also carried out with a standard solid acid catalyst (montmorillonite K10) and conversions of 95.03% were obtained in comparison to the best catalyst obtained in the present study (96.67%).
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights A standard Montmorillonite was subjected to activation with phosphoric acid. The materials were evaluated in the methyl esterification of lauric acid. High conversions were observed in short times and mild reaction temperatures. The catalyst was used in four reaction cycles maintaining the original activity.
Acid-activated montmorillonites as heterogeneous catalysts for the esterification of lauric acid acid with methanol
Abstract A standard clay mineral was systematically subjected to activation with phosphoric acid under different concentrations and activation times. The materials were evaluated with regard to their structure, presence of functional groups, textural properties and the presence of Brönsted and Lewis acid sites. After characterization, the best catalyst was evaluated in the esterification of lauric acid with methanol. High conversions were observed in short times (between 91.63 and 96.67%) and relatively mild reaction temperatures, revealing the potential of acid-activated clays as esterification catalysts for industrial applications such as biodiesel production. For comparison purposes, some experiments were also carried out with a standard solid acid catalyst (montmorillonite K10) and conversions of 95.03% were obtained in comparison to the best catalyst obtained in the present study (96.67%).
Graphical abstract Display Omitted
Highlights A standard Montmorillonite was subjected to activation with phosphoric acid. The materials were evaluated in the methyl esterification of lauric acid. High conversions were observed in short times and mild reaction temperatures. The catalyst was used in four reaction cycles maintaining the original activity.
Acid-activated montmorillonites as heterogeneous catalysts for the esterification of lauric acid acid with methanol
Zatta, Leandro (author) / Ramos, Luiz Pereira (author) / Wypych, Fernando (author)
Applied Clay Science ; 80-81 ; 236-244
2013-04-21
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
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