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Abstract It is normal when considering the tensile behaviour of engineering materials to describe them in terms of an elastic modulus, which relates stress linearly to recoverable strain, and a yield stress, which quantifies the maximum stress that can be applied before plastic (permanent) deformation occurs. Alternatively a brittle fracture stress, when fracure occurs before plastic deformation commences (see Stress and Strain) may be quoted in addition to a modulus. There may be variations in these quantities with strain rate and temperature but the behaviour of most materials is adequately described in this simple manner. Exceptions do of course occur such as the creep of metals at elevated temperatures or the behaviour of glasses. The distinguishing feature of polymers is that at virtually all temperatures they do not conform to this simple model of material behaviour and creep is observed. Polymer creep is however different from creep in metals since metallic creep is not recoverable on removal of the load. Polymer behaviour can be modelled by the combination of linear elastic elements (springs) and viscous elements and hence is termed viscoelasticity (see Polymer Models).
Abstract It is normal when considering the tensile behaviour of engineering materials to describe them in terms of an elastic modulus, which relates stress linearly to recoverable strain, and a yield stress, which quantifies the maximum stress that can be applied before plastic (permanent) deformation occurs. Alternatively a brittle fracture stress, when fracure occurs before plastic deformation commences (see Stress and Strain) may be quoted in addition to a modulus. There may be variations in these quantities with strain rate and temperature but the behaviour of most materials is adequately described in this simple manner. Exceptions do of course occur such as the creep of metals at elevated temperatures or the behaviour of glasses. The distinguishing feature of polymers is that at virtually all temperatures they do not conform to this simple model of material behaviour and creep is observed. Polymer creep is however different from creep in metals since metallic creep is not recoverable on removal of the load. Polymer behaviour can be modelled by the combination of linear elastic elements (springs) and viscous elements and hence is termed viscoelasticity (see Polymer Models).
Viscoelasticity
Swallowe, G. M. (author)
1999-01-01
5 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
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