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On-road particle number measurements using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9191-8495
Abstract In this study the on-road particle number (PN) performance of a Euro-5 direct-injection (DI) gasoline passenger car was investigated. PN emissions were measured using the prototype of a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). PN PEMS correlations with chassis dynamometer tests show a good agreement with a chassis dynamometer set-up down to emissions in the range of 1·1010 #/km. Parallel on-line soot measurements by a photo acoustic soot sensor (PASS) were applied as independent measurement technique and indicate a good on-road performance for the PN-PEMS. PN-to-soot ratios were 1.3·1012 #/mg, which was comparable for both test cell and on-road measurements. During on-road trips different driving styles as well as different road types were investigated. Comparisons to the world harmonized light-duty test cycle (WLTC) 5.3 and to European field operational test (euroFOT) data indicate the PEMS trips to be representative for normal driving. Driving situations in varying traffic seem to be a major contributor to a high test-to-test variability of PN emissions. However, there is a trend to increasing PN emissions with more severe driving styles. A cold start effect is clearly visible for PN, especially at low ambient temperatures down to 8 °C.
Highlights Correlation of a PN PEMS with a test cell PMP set-up, and real-world driving. Measured PN-to-soot ratio suggests PN PEMS is capable of on-road measurements. Impact of different driving styles on PN emissions. PN on-road measurements at different ambient temperatures with and without cold start phase.
On-road particle number measurements using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9191-8495
Abstract In this study the on-road particle number (PN) performance of a Euro-5 direct-injection (DI) gasoline passenger car was investigated. PN emissions were measured using the prototype of a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). PN PEMS correlations with chassis dynamometer tests show a good agreement with a chassis dynamometer set-up down to emissions in the range of 1·1010 #/km. Parallel on-line soot measurements by a photo acoustic soot sensor (PASS) were applied as independent measurement technique and indicate a good on-road performance for the PN-PEMS. PN-to-soot ratios were 1.3·1012 #/mg, which was comparable for both test cell and on-road measurements. During on-road trips different driving styles as well as different road types were investigated. Comparisons to the world harmonized light-duty test cycle (WLTC) 5.3 and to European field operational test (euroFOT) data indicate the PEMS trips to be representative for normal driving. Driving situations in varying traffic seem to be a major contributor to a high test-to-test variability of PN emissions. However, there is a trend to increasing PN emissions with more severe driving styles. A cold start effect is clearly visible for PN, especially at low ambient temperatures down to 8 °C.
Highlights Correlation of a PN PEMS with a test cell PMP set-up, and real-world driving. Measured PN-to-soot ratio suggests PN PEMS is capable of on-road measurements. Impact of different driving styles on PN emissions. PN on-road measurements at different ambient temperatures with and without cold start phase.
On-road particle number measurements using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS)
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9191-8495
Abstract In this study the on-road particle number (PN) performance of a Euro-5 direct-injection (DI) gasoline passenger car was investigated. PN emissions were measured using the prototype of a portable emission measurement system (PEMS). PN PEMS correlations with chassis dynamometer tests show a good agreement with a chassis dynamometer set-up down to emissions in the range of 1·1010 #/km. Parallel on-line soot measurements by a photo acoustic soot sensor (PASS) were applied as independent measurement technique and indicate a good on-road performance for the PN-PEMS. PN-to-soot ratios were 1.3·1012 #/mg, which was comparable for both test cell and on-road measurements. During on-road trips different driving styles as well as different road types were investigated. Comparisons to the world harmonized light-duty test cycle (WLTC) 5.3 and to European field operational test (euroFOT) data indicate the PEMS trips to be representative for normal driving. Driving situations in varying traffic seem to be a major contributor to a high test-to-test variability of PN emissions. However, there is a trend to increasing PN emissions with more severe driving styles. A cold start effect is clearly visible for PN, especially at low ambient temperatures down to 8 °C.
Highlights Correlation of a PN PEMS with a test cell PMP set-up, and real-world driving. Measured PN-to-soot ratio suggests PN PEMS is capable of on-road measurements. Impact of different driving styles on PN emissions. PN on-road measurements at different ambient temperatures with and without cold start phase.
On-road particle number measurements using a portable emission measurement system (PEMS)
Gallus, Jens (author) / Kirchner, Ulf (author) / Vogt, Rainer (author) / Börensen, Christoph (author) / Benter, Thorsten (author)
Atmospheric Environment ; 124 ; 37-45
2015-11-05
9 pages
Article (Journal)
Electronic Resource
English
Portable emission measurement system (PEMS) , Direct injection gasoline , Particulate emission , PN-to-soot ratio , Cold start effect , APA , Average Positive Acceleration , CO , Carbon monoxide , CO<inf>2</inf> , Carbon dioxide , CSEE , Cold Start Extra Emissions , ET , Evaporation Tube , NO<inf>x</inf> , Nitrogen oxides , PEMS , Portable Emissions Measurement System , PM , Particulate Matter , PMP , Particle Measurement Program , PN , Particle Number , PND , Particle Number Diluter , RDE , Real Driving Emissions , RPA , Relative Positive Acceleration , SPCS , Solid Particle Counting System , THC , Total Hydro Carbons , UFP , Ultra-fine particles , VPR , Volatile Particle Remover , WLTC , World harmonized Light-duty Test Cycle
Comparison of portable emissions measurement systems (PEMS) with laboratory grade equipment
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