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Monovalent Adatoms
Abstract Chemical intuition expects monovalent adatoms to saturate dangling bonds at semiconductor surfaces. This generally results in the formation of both adatom-induced surface dipoles and surface states. The existence of adatom-induced surface dipoles indicates the chemical bonds between adsorbate and substrate atoms to be partly ionic and leads to a variation of the ionization energy of the semiconductor substrate. As a consequence of adatom-induced surface states, on the other hand, surface band-bending will generally be observed. Then at least part of the adatoms are ionized in order to balance the space charge existing in the band-bending region beneath the semiconductor surface or, in other words, electrons are transferred between adatoms and a spatially extended space-charge layer. Adatom-induced surface dipoles, on the other hand, may be viewed as a polarization or a slight shift of the bond charges towards either the adsorbate or the surface atom depending on which one is more electronegative. As long as adatoms are sparsely distributed on a semiconductor surface, they will interact neither directly nor via the substrate. Then the respective adatom-induced surface states will form no two-dimensional surface bands but may rather be described as discrete energy levels.
Monovalent Adatoms
Abstract Chemical intuition expects monovalent adatoms to saturate dangling bonds at semiconductor surfaces. This generally results in the formation of both adatom-induced surface dipoles and surface states. The existence of adatom-induced surface dipoles indicates the chemical bonds between adsorbate and substrate atoms to be partly ionic and leads to a variation of the ionization energy of the semiconductor substrate. As a consequence of adatom-induced surface states, on the other hand, surface band-bending will generally be observed. Then at least part of the adatoms are ionized in order to balance the space charge existing in the band-bending region beneath the semiconductor surface or, in other words, electrons are transferred between adatoms and a spatially extended space-charge layer. Adatom-induced surface dipoles, on the other hand, may be viewed as a polarization or a slight shift of the bond charges towards either the adsorbate or the surface atom depending on which one is more electronegative. As long as adatoms are sparsely distributed on a semiconductor surface, they will interact neither directly nor via the substrate. Then the respective adatom-induced surface states will form no two-dimensional surface bands but may rather be described as discrete energy levels.
Monovalent Adatoms
Professor Dr. Mönch, Winfried (author)
Third, Revised Edition
2001-01-01
66 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
Ionization Energy , Semiconductor Surface , Dangling Bond , Substrate Atom , Nominal Coverage Chemistry , Physical Chemistry , Optics and Electrodynamics , Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation , Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films , Optical and Electronic Materials , Characterization and Evaluation of Materials
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