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Adsorption of Fullerenes on Semiconductor and Metal Surfaces Investigated by Field-Ion Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Summary We review our systematic investigation of adsorption and film growth of fullerenes on semiconductor and metal substrates using Field-Ion Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (FI-STM). The fullerenes investigated include pristine fullerenes (C60, C70 and C84) and metallofullerenes (Sc@C74/Sc2@C74, Sc2@C84, Y@C82 and Gd@C82) and the substrates include Si(100)-2x1, Si(111)-7x7, GaAs (001)-2x4-As, Cu(111)-1x1 and Ag(111)-1x1 surfaces. Fullerene molecules are stable on the Si(100)-2x1 and Si(111)-7x7 surfaces at room temperature because of the strong bonding to substrate dangling bonds. As a result, unique intramolecular structures of the C60 molecule are observed. STM images of the C84, Sc@C74/Sc2@C74 and Sc2@C84 molecules are used to obtain information about molecular structures. In contrast to Si surfaces, fullerene molecules are mobile on the terrace of metal surfaces and initially segregate to the step. A well-ordered two dimensional overlayer forms with a close-packed arrangement upon annealing fullerene-covered surfaces. On the Cu(111) surface, the commensurate (4x4) phase forms for the cases of C60, C70 and C60x C70(1−x) adsorption, indicating a strong interaction between the Cu substrate and fullerenes. Beautiful intramolecular structures of C60 and C70 molecules are observed and interpreted as local mappings of the electron density of states. One-dimensional cluster formation of C60, Y@C82 and Gd@C82 on the step of the Cu(111)-1x1 surface is analyzed and preferential dimer formation is only observed for the case of Y@C82. This is attributed to the interaction between unpaired electrons of the Y@C82 molecules. On the Ag(111) surface, the C60 and Sc2@C84 monolayer films exhibit several phases that have an almost identical nearest neighbour distance but are rotated relative to one another. Among the systems studied, C60 on the GaAs(001)-2x4-As surface shows a unique highly-strained fcc(110)-oriented multi-layer film growth, while all other systems show the well known fcc(111)-oriented multi-layer growth.
Adsorption of Fullerenes on Semiconductor and Metal Surfaces Investigated by Field-Ion Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Summary We review our systematic investigation of adsorption and film growth of fullerenes on semiconductor and metal substrates using Field-Ion Scanning Tunneling Microscopy (FI-STM). The fullerenes investigated include pristine fullerenes (C60, C70 and C84) and metallofullerenes (Sc@C74/Sc2@C74, Sc2@C84, Y@C82 and Gd@C82) and the substrates include Si(100)-2x1, Si(111)-7x7, GaAs (001)-2x4-As, Cu(111)-1x1 and Ag(111)-1x1 surfaces. Fullerene molecules are stable on the Si(100)-2x1 and Si(111)-7x7 surfaces at room temperature because of the strong bonding to substrate dangling bonds. As a result, unique intramolecular structures of the C60 molecule are observed. STM images of the C84, Sc@C74/Sc2@C74 and Sc2@C84 molecules are used to obtain information about molecular structures. In contrast to Si surfaces, fullerene molecules are mobile on the terrace of metal surfaces and initially segregate to the step. A well-ordered two dimensional overlayer forms with a close-packed arrangement upon annealing fullerene-covered surfaces. On the Cu(111) surface, the commensurate (4x4) phase forms for the cases of C60, C70 and C60x C70(1−x) adsorption, indicating a strong interaction between the Cu substrate and fullerenes. Beautiful intramolecular structures of C60 and C70 molecules are observed and interpreted as local mappings of the electron density of states. One-dimensional cluster formation of C60, Y@C82 and Gd@C82 on the step of the Cu(111)-1x1 surface is analyzed and preferential dimer formation is only observed for the case of Y@C82. This is attributed to the interaction between unpaired electrons of the Y@C82 molecules. On the Ag(111) surface, the C60 and Sc2@C84 monolayer films exhibit several phases that have an almost identical nearest neighbour distance but are rotated relative to one another. Among the systems studied, C60 on the GaAs(001)-2x4-As surface shows a unique highly-strained fcc(110)-oriented multi-layer film growth, while all other systems show the well known fcc(111)-oriented multi-layer growth.
Adsorption of Fullerenes on Semiconductor and Metal Surfaces Investigated by Field-Ion Scanning Tunneling Microscopy
Hashizume, T. (author) / Sakurai, T. (author)
2000-01-01
56 pages
Article/Chapter (Book)
Electronic Resource
English
Scan Tunneling Microscopy , Scan Tunneling Microscopy Image , Step Edge , Fullerene Molecule , Cluster Size Distribution Engineering , Electronics and Microelectronics, Instrumentation , Science, general , Materials Science, general , Surfaces and Interfaces, Thin Films , Optical and Electronic Materials , Solid State Physics
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